{"id":39419,"date":"2009-04-06T13:50:00","date_gmt":"2009-04-06T13:50:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-09-24T10:21:33","modified_gmt":"2020-09-24T10:21:33","slug":"39419","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/3\/39419\/","title":{"rendered":"\u901a\u5411\u54e5\u672c\u54c8\u6839\u4e4b\u8def\u7684\u5168\u7403\u51cf\u6392\u8def\u7ebf\u56fe\u4e4b\u4e00"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: smaller;\">[\u672c\u6587\u7531\u672c\u7f51\u7ad9\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.csp.rutgers.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-size: smaller;\">\u9c81\u7279\u683c\u65af\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u653f\u7b56\u884c\u52a8\u5408\u4f5c\u520a\u53d1<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: smaller;\">]<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5168\u7403\u51cf\u6392\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5176\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u539f\u6709\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5206\u7c7b\u539f\u5219\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u73b0\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5229\u4e8e\u51cf\u6392\u76ee\u6807\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u80e1\u978d\u94a2\u6559\u6388\u63d0\u51fa\u5168\u7403\u51cf\u6392\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u539f\u5219\uff1a\u4e00\uff0c\u4ee5<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human_Development_Index\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u4eba\u7c7b\u53d1\u5c55\u6307\u6570<\/a>\uff08Human Development Index\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0HDI\uff09\u5206\u7c7b\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u56db\u5206\u7ec4\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6765\u66ff\u4ee3\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e24\u5206\u7ec4\u539f\u5219\u3002\u4e8c\uff0c\u6c61\u67d3\u6392\u653e\u5927\u56fd\u51cf\u6392\u4e3b\u4f53\u539f\u5219\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u51cf\u6392\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u6307\u6807\u3002\u4ed6\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e24\u5927\u539f\u5219\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e94\u627f\u62c5\u7684\u51cf\u6392\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5404\u5730\u533a\u51c0\u78b3\u6e90\u548cHDI\u60c5\u51b5\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5730\u65b9\u51cf\u6392\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u56fe\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u627f\u8bfa\u51cf\u6392\u4e49\u52a1\u63a8\u52a8\u5168\u7403\u51cf\u6392\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8fbe\u6210\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u505a\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u7eff\u8272\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u4e2d\u5916\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5c06\u5206\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u520a\u8f7d\u80e1\u978d\u94a2\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\u5e94\u6309\u4e24\u5927\u539f\u5219\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u56fd\u5bb6\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u7c7b<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u672a\u6765\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u81ea\u6211\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/en.cop15.dk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u54e5\u672c\u54c8\u6839\u9ad8\u5cf0\u4f1a<\/a>\u662f\u5168\u4eba\u7c7b\u62ef\u6551\u5730\u7403\u7684\u6700\u540e\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5374\u5b58\u5728\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c31\u51cf\u6392\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u4e49\u52a1\u8fbe\u6210\u5168\u7403\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5168\u4eba\u7c7b\u90fd\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u5979\u65e2\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u4eba\u53e3\u6700\u591a\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u76f8\u5bf9\u8106\u5f31\u3001\u56fd\u571f\u9762\u79ef\u6700\u5927\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u65e2\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5168\u7403\u516c\u5171\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6700\u5927\u53d7\u76ca\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5168\u7403\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6700\u5927\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e16\u754c\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6108\u6765\u6108\u7d27\u5bc6\u7684\u5730\u7403\u6751\uff0c\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u6027\u56fd\u9645\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5404\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3a200\u591a\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0e\u5730\u533a\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5171\u540c\u51cf\u6392\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u6309\u7167\u76ee\u524d\u5404\u56fd\u7684\u5404\u81ea\u5229\u76ca\u548c\u8981\u6c42\u770b\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u8fbe\u6210\u5168\u7403\u51cf\u6392\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u54e5\u672c\u54c8\u6839\u9ad8\u5cf0\u4f1a\u6108\u6765\u6108\u4e34\u8fd1\uff0c\u800c\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5374\u6108\u6765\u6108\u5927\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u54e5\u672c\u54c8\u6839\u5927\u4f1a\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u4e3a\u5404\u56fd\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u6c14\u5019\u653f\u7b56\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u51cf\u6392\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u6848\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u591f\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5bf9\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u660e\u786e\u672a\u6765\u7684\u51cf\u6392\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u5b9e\u65bd\u51cf\u6392\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u76ee\u524d<a href=\"https:\/\/unfccc.int\/2860.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u300a\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u6846\u67b6\u516c\u7ea6\u300b<\/a>\u5c06\u4e16\u754c200\u591a\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5206\u7c7b\u4e3a\u4e24\u7c7b\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ec4\uff1a\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u5168\u7403\u51cf\u6392\u4e49\u52a1\u9075\u5faa\u5206\u62c5\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5bf9\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u6709\u533a\u522b\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u5206\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5341\u5206\u7c97\u7cd9\uff0c\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u6bd4\u8f83\u660e\u786e\uff0c<wbr \/>\u5982\u4ee5<a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/home\/0,2987,en_2649_201185_1_1_1_1_1,00.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u4f5c\u53d1\u5c55\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08OECD\uff09<\/a>\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3002\u4f46\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u5305\u542b\u4e86100\u591a\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u51cf\u6392\u4e49\u52a1\u6210\u4e86\u5c11\u6570\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53cd\u800c\u4e0d\u5229\u4e8e\u5168\u7403\u51cf\u6392\u7684\u3002\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u52a0\u5165\u51cf\u6392\u884c\u5217\u4e5f\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u62d2\u7edd\u51cf\u6392\u7684\u53e3\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u91cd\u65b0\u5212\u5206\u51cf\u6392\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u8003\u8651\u6392\u653e\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u548c\u5b58\u91cf\u3001\u4eba\u5747\u6392\u653e\u548c\u603b\u91cf\u6392\u653e\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u73b0\u5b9e\u8d23\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u516c\u5e73\u4e0e\u6548\u7387\u7684\u539f\u5219\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c200\u591a\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fdb\u884c\u56db\u7ec4\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u53d6\u4ee3\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4e24\u7ec4\u5206\u7c7b\uff1b\u6839\u636e\u4e16\u754c\u4e3b\u8981\u6392\u653e\u56fd\u5360\u4e16\u754c\u603b\u91cf\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u51cf\u6392\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\u6211\u63d0\u51fa\u4e24\u5927\u539f\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u5927\u539f\u5219\u662f\u4ee5<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human_Development_Index\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u4eba\u7c7b\u53d1\u5c55\u6307\u6570<\/a>\uff08Human Development 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