{"id":39865,"date":"2009-11-27T11:44:00","date_gmt":"2009-11-27T11:44:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-22T22:54:19","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T22:54:19","slug":"39865","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/3\/39865\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4eba\u4e3a\u64cd\u63a7\u5929\u6c14\uff1f\u2014\u2014\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0e\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>11\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u4e00\u573a\u4e0d\u5408\u5b63\u8282\u7684\u5927\u96ea\u843d\u5728\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u8db3\u8db3\u4e0b\u4e8611\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u5317\u4eac\u4e0b\u5f97\u6700\u65e9\u4e5f\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u573a\u96ea\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5ba3\u5e03\u8fd9\u573a\u96ea\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u7684\u3002\u622a\u81f310\u6708\u5e95\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u5f88\u5e72\u65f1\u7684\u534e\u5317\u7684\u65f1\u60c5\u706b\u4e0a\u6d47\u6cb9\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c10\u670831\u65e5\u591c\u95f4\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u6c14\u8c61\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u53d1\u5c04\u4e86186\u679a\u643a\u5e26\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u589e\u96ea\u5f39\uff0c\u5230\u9ad8\u7a7a&ldquo;\u64ad&rdquo;\u4e91\u4fc3\u96ea\u3002&ldquo;\u7531\u4e8e\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u65f1\u60c5\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9519\u8fc7\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u5de5\u964d\u6c34\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002&rdquo;<a 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href=\"https:\/\/news.xinhuanet.com\/english\/2009-10\/01\/content_12139802.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u63a5\u53d7\u65b0\u534e\u793e\u91c7\u8bbf\u65f6<\/a>\u8bf4\u3002 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noreferrer\">\u7406\u67e5\u5fb7&middot;\u5e03\u5170\u68ee<\/a>\uff08\u7ef4\u73cd\u96c6\u56e2\u603b\u88c1\uff09\u771f\u7684\u4e0b\u5b9a\u51b3\u5fc3\u6765\u62ef\u6551\u5730\u7403\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u6837\uff1f&rdquo;\u4e00\u4f4d\u6c14\u5019\u4e13\u5bb6\u95ee\u9053\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u64ad\u4e91\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u594f\u6548\uff0c\u90a3\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\u5462\uff1f <\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;\u5982\u679c\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u53ef\u6536\u62fe\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u5bfb\u6c42\u7ec8\u6781\u624b\u6bb5\u3002&rdquo;\u65af\u5766\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u80fd\u6e90\u653f\u7b56\u4e13\u5bb6\u517c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u5916\u5173\u7cfb\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a<\/a>\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7814\u7a76\u5458<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/pesd.stanford.edu\/people\/davidgvictor\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u6234\u7ef4&middot;\u7ef4\u514b\u591a<\/a>\u8bf4\u3002&ldquo;\u4ece\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/iis-db.stanford.edu\/pubs\/22456\/The_Geoengineering_Option.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u5355\u8fb9\u7684\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u884c\u52a8<\/a>\u98ce\u9669\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u63a7\u5236\u6392\u653e\u9700\u8981\u5404\u56fd\u5171\u540c\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u5219\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u80fd\u529b\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5355\u72ec\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u3002&rdquo; <\/p>\n<p>\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5206\u6790\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u6700\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u672f\u521b\u4e3e\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u628a\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u949f\u7231\u7684\u738b\u724c\u95f4\u8c0d&mdash;&mdash;&ldquo;007&rdquo;\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u653e\u5728\u300a<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/oxrep.oxfordjournals.org\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u725b\u6d25\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\u8bc4\u8bba<\/a>\u300b\u4e25\u8083\u7684\u884c\u6587\u4e2d\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u53bb\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/oxrep.oxfordjournals.org\/cgi\/content\/abstract\/24\/2\/322?maxtoshow=&amp;HITS=10&amp;hits=10&amp;RESULTFORMAT=&amp;fulltext=%28a+AND+lone+AND+greenfinger+AND+victor%29&amp;searchid=1&amp;FIRSTINDEX=0&amp;resourcetype=HWCIT\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u6587\u7ae0<\/a>\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a&ldquo;\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\u5408\u4f5c\u6027\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u52aa\u529b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u70ed\u8877\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u81ea\u547d\u4e3a\u5730\u7403\u4fdd\u62a4\u8005\u7684\u5bb6\u4f19\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bill_Gates\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u6bd4\u5c14&middot;\u76d6\u8328<\/a>\u8eab\u5bb6\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u5c31\u8db3\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u672a\u6765\u7684<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/James_Bond_%28film_series%29\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u90a6\u5fb7\u7535\u5f71<\/a>\u5c31\u4e0d\u6015\u6ca1\u5f97\u62cd\u4e86\uff0c\u5355\u8fb9\u6027\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u662f\u591a\u4e48\u597d\u7684\u9898\u6750\uff01&rdquo;\u300a<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Goldfinger_%28film%29\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u91d1\u624b\u6307<\/a>\u300b\uff1f\u4e0d\uff01\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u300a\u7eff\u624b\u6307\u300b\u3002 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<\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u542c\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u90fd\u4f1a\u5927\u6447\u5176\u5934\uff0c\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u611a\u8822\u900f\u9876\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u53c8\u57cb\u5934\u53bb\u73a9\u586b\u5b57\u6e38\u620f\u4e86\u3002\u6216\u8bb8\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u7eb5\u89c2\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6696\u7684\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728 \u67d0\u79cd\u8d85\u8d8a\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u5c31\u5728\u51e0\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u4eec\u8fd8\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u628a\u5168\u7403\u6c14\u6e29\u4e0a\u5347\u63a7\u5236\u57282\u6444\u6c0f\u5ea6\u4ee5\u5185\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4e13\u5bb6\u4eec\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u516c\u5f00\u8ba8\u8bba4\u6444\u6c0f\u5ea6\u7684\u4e0a\u5347\u4e86\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u6c14\u8c61\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u65b0\u62a5\u544a\u8b66\u544a\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u91c7\u53d6\u679c\u65ad\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u6709\u751f\u4e4b\u5e74\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u5341\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u4e00\u5c0f\u7fa4\u652f\u6301\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86&ldquo;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.guardian.co.uk\/environment\/2008\/sep\/05\/carboncapturestorage.carbonemissions1\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u78b3\u5c01\u5b58<\/a>&rdquo;\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u53d1\u7535\u5382\u7684\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u622a\u7559\u5728\u5730\u4e0b\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u63d0\u8bae\u906d\u5230\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u5426\u5b9a\uff0c\u7406\u7531\u662f\u6210\u672c\u592a\u9ad8\u3001\u96be\u4ee5\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\u6539\u540d&ldquo;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.co2storage.org.uk\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u78b3\u6355\u83b7\u4e0e\u78b3\u50a8\u5b58<\/a>&rdquo;\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u5305\u62ec\u82f1\u56fd\u5728\u5185\u5404\u56fd\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u80fd\u6e90\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b83\u4f9d\u65e7\u672a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u4f9d\u65e7\u88ab\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6210\u672c\u592a\u9ad8\u3001\u96be\u4ee5\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002\u5c31\u5728\u521a\u521a\u8fc7\u53bb\u768410\u6708\u4efd\uff0c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/GCA-GreenBusiness\/idUSTRE59C1ET20091013\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u56fd\u9645\u80fd\u6e90\u673a\u6784<\/a>\u63d0\u51fa\u4e16\u754c\u5e94\u8be5\u57282020\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u5efa\u6210100\u5ea7\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b8c\u5168\u78b3\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u7535\u5382\uff0c\u52302030\u5e74\u8fbe\u5230850\u5ea7\u3002 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href=\"https:\/\/www.guardian.co.uk\/environment\/2009\/sep\/01\/geo-technology-testing\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u8c03\u67e5<\/a>\uff0c \u8d44\u6df1\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u79c1\u4e0b\u9884\u8ba1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8c03\u67e5\u4f1a\u8ba9\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u90fd\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u65e0\u7a3d\u4e4b\u8c08\u800c\u906d\u5230\u553e\u5f03\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a9\u6708\u4efd\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u8bf4\uff0c\u906e\u6321\u592a\u9633\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5&ldquo;\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5168\u7403\u6c14\u6e29\u8fc5 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<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;\u6211\u60f3\u672a\u6765\u5341\u5e74\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u4f1a\u8ba4\u771f\u5f97\u591a\uff0c&rdquo;\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u8bf4\uff0c&ldquo;\u4f46\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u90e8\u7f72\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u9664\u975e\u6211\u4eec\u771f\u7684\u4e0d\u5e78\u9762\u4e34\u53d8\u6696\u901f\u5ea6\u52a0\u500d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a7\u5236\u6392\u653e\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5927\u591a\u6570\u56fd\u5bb6\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51b3\u5b9a\u5b9e\u65bd\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u3002\u6309\u7167\u6211\u7684\u9884\u671f\uff0c\u672a\u676540\u5e74\u5185\u90e8\u7f72\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u53ea\u6709\u4e94\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002&rdquo; <\/p>\n<p>\u6210\u672c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u969c\u788d\u3002\u4e0e\u53ef\u518d\u751f\u80fd\u6e90\u4ee5\u53ca\u6d88\u706d\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u6210\u672c\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4ee3\u4ef7\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u51e0\u5341\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u51cf\u6392\u89e3\u51b3\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6696\u82b1\u8d39\u7684\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002 <\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.envsci.rutgers.edu\/%7Erobock\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u963f\u5170&middot;\u7f57\u4f2f\u514b<\/a>\u662f\u65b0\u6cfd\u897f\u5dde<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/nbp.rutgers.edu\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u7f57\u683c\u65af\u5927\u5b66<\/a>\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u706b\u5c71\u548c\u6c14\u5019\u5b66\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u67d0\u79cd\u6700\u70ed\u95e8\u7684\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u6210\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u6a21\u62df\u706b\u5c71\u55b7\u53d1\u7684\u51b7\u5374\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u5f80\u9ad8\u5c42\u5927\u6c14\u6ce8\u5165\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u5c04\u9633\u5149\u7684\u786b\u5316\u7269\u3002 <\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/geography.about.com\/od\/globalproblemsandissues\/a\/pinatubo.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u76ae\u7eb3\u56fe\u535a\u706b\u5c71<\/a>\u57281991\u5e74\u7684\u55b7\u53d1\u628a\u5927\u91cf\u53d1\u5149\u7684\u786b\u78fa\u7c89\u672b\u5e26\u5165\u5927\u6c14\u5c42\uff0c\u906e\u5929\u853d\u65e5\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u6c14\u6e29\u4e0b\u964d\u4e860.5\u6444\u6c0f\u5ea6\u30021815\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mount_Tambora\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u5766\u535a\u62c9\u706b\u5c71<\/a>\u7684\u55b7\u53d1\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684&ldquo;\u65e0\u590f\u4e4b\u5e74&rdquo;\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6b27\u6d32\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e1c\u5317\u90e8\u548c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5e7f\u5927\u5317\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u5e84\u7a3c\u7edd\u6536\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u7f57\u4f2f\u514b\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6bcf\u5e74\u5411\u5e73\u6d41\u5c42\u6ce8\u5165100\u4e07\u5428\u786b\u78fa\u7c89\u672b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u91cf\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u76ae\u7eb3\u56fe\u535a\u706b\u5c71\u6bcf4\u52308\u5e74\u55b7\u53d1\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8db3\u4ee5\u62b5\u6d88\u7531\u4e8e\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u957f\u7684\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6696\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u578b\u7a7a\u4e2d\u52a0\u6cb9\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u7a7a\u519b\u7684&ldquo;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/KC-10_Extender\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">KC-10\u8865\u5145\u8005<\/a>&rdquo;\uff0c\u88c5\u6ee1\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u6216\u786b\u5316\u6c22\u6c14\u4f53\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u987924\u5c0f\u65f6\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e5d\u67b6\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u6bcf\u67b6\u6bcf\u5929\u4e09\u4e2a\u6765\u56de\u3002\u7f57\u4f2f\u514b\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u5728\u300a<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.agu.org\/journals\/gl\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u5feb\u62a5<\/a>\u300b\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u65b0\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u6587\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\u8981\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u884c\u52a8\u6bcf\u5e74\u53ea\u9700\u8981&ldquo;\u51e0\u5341\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143&rdquo;\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7f57\u4f2f\u514b\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5bf9\u53bb\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u4e00\u7bc7\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u53cd\u5bf9\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u4e8c\u5341\u5927\u7406\u7531\u3002&ldquo;\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8bc1\u660e\u6210\u672c\u5e76\u4e0d\u9ad8\u3002&rdquo; <\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u7f57\u4f2f\u514b\u7684\u65b0\u8bba\u6587\u91cc\u4ecd\u7136\u63d0\u51fa\u4e8617\u9879\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e76\u975e\u5e94\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u826f\u7b56\u3002\u628a\u786b\u6ce8\u5165\u5927\u6c14\u5c06\u4f7f\u5730\u7403\u7684\u6c34\u5faa\u73af\u53d8\u6162\uff0c\u5bf9\u964d\u6c34\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u7834\u574f\u6bd4\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6696\u8fd8\u8981\u5927\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u65e8\u5728\u963b\u788d\u9633\u5149\u52a0\u70ed\u5730\u7403\uff0c\u5bf9\u51cf\u5c11\u6c7d\u8f66\u3001\u5de5\u5382\u548c\u7535\u7ad9\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6c61\u67d3\u6beb\u65e0\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u65e5\u76ca\u52a0\u5267\u7684\u6d77\u6d0b\u9178\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fc7\u91cf\u6392\u653e\u7684\u78b3\u878d\u5165\u6d77\u6c34\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u6d77\u6d0b\u7684\u8868\u9762\u6b63\u5728\u6162\u6162\u53d8\u6210\u9178\u6db2\u3002\u73ca\u745a\u7901\u5df2\u7ecf\u9762\u4e34\u706d\u4ea1\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u8d1d\u7c7b\u4e5f\u5c06\u6b65\u5176\u540e\u5c18\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u5927\u6c14\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5f31\u5316\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7684\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u4fee\u8865\u81ed\u6c27\u7a7a\u6d1e\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4ed8\u8bf8\u4e1c\u6d41\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u65e2\u7136\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u6709\u5982\u6b64\u4e4b\u591a\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u707e\u96be\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u5b83\u5462\uff1f\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0a\u662f\u6a21\u7cca\u4e0d\u6e05\u7684\u3002\u552f\u4e00\u4e0e\u8bb8\u591a\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u6846\u67b6\u662f<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.atomicarchive.com\/Treaties\/Treaty12.shtml\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1976\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u7981\u7528\u6539\u53d8\u73af\u5883\u6280\u672f\u516c\u7ea6\u300b<\/a>\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5236\u6b62\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7531\u4e8e\u76f8\u4e92\u5e72\u6270\u5929\u6c14\u800c\u5f15\u53d1\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u516c\u7ea6\u4ece\u672a\u771f\u6b63\u9002\u7528\u8fc7\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eoearth.org\/article\/United_Nations_Convention_on_Law_of_the_Sea_%28UNCLOS%29,_1982\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1982\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6d77\u6d0b\u6cd5\u516c\u7ea6\u300b<\/a>\u548c<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oosa.unvienna.org\/oosa\/SpaceLaw\/outerspt.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1967\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u5916\u5c42\u7a7a\u95f4\u6761\u7ea6\u300b<\/a>\uff0c\u90fd\u53ea\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u89c4\u8303\u5728\u5171\u6709\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4f46\u5411\u5927\u6c14\u91ca\u653e\u7269\u8d28\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u66f4\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5404\u56fd\u5bf9\u5176\u9886\u7a7a\u62e5\u6709\u4e3b\u6743\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u8bb8 \u591a\u4e13\u5bb6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9632\u6b62\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u8fdb\u884c\u5355\u8fb9\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u662f\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u6761\u7ea6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u76f4\u622a\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba4\u771f\u7814\u7a76\u3002&ldquo;\u5236\u670d\u6700\u574f\u7684\u5355\u8fb9\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u884c\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f \u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u7814\u7a76\u529b\u5ea6\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002&rdquo;\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u8bf4\uff0c&ldquo;\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5371\u9669\u4e4b\u4e00\u5728\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bd5\u56fe\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u9488\u5bf9\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u7981\u5fcc\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7981\u5fcc\u7684\u786e\u4f1a\u963b\u6b62\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83 \u4e0d\u80fd\u5236\u6b62\u575a\u5b9a\u7684\u6d41\u6c13\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u6700\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6d41\u6c13\u4e0d\u4f1a\u653e\u5f03\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5374\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u8db3\u800c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u5e94\u5bf9\u3002&rdquo; <\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.climate.org\/about\/maccracken-bio.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u8fc8\u514b&middot;\u9ea6\u514b\u62c9\u80af<\/a>\u662f\u534e\u76db\u987f<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.climate.org\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u6c14\u5019\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/a>\u7684 \u9996\u5e2d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u660e\u5e74\u6625\u5929\u52a0\u5dde\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8005\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e9b\u6307\u5bfc\u65b9\u9488\u3002\u9ea6\u514b\u62c9\u80af\u8bf4\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u5355\u8fb9\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u884c\u52a8&ldquo;\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u4fe1&rdquo;\uff0c\u4ed6\u6700\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u540e\u4ee3\u7684\u516c \u5e73\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8c01\u4e00\u65e6\u5f00\u59cb\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u6301\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5c06\u7ed9\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6696\u6234\u4e0a\u4e00\u5f20\u65e0\u6cd5\u6458\u6389\u7684\u9762\u5177\u3002&ldquo;\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5355\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5173\u5207\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u6784\u7b51\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u51cf\u6392\u4e0a\u53ea\u91c7\u53d6\u7f13\u6162\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8feb\u4f7f\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65bd\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u62ef\u6551\u90a3\u4e9b\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5730\u7403\u6709\u76ca\u548c\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u3002&rdquo; <\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5173\u4e8e\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u5f26\u5916\u4e4b\u97f3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc3\u7167\u4e0d\u5ba3\u7684\u8bba\u65ad\uff1a\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u7684\u8bbe\u60f3\u592a\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e86\uff0c\u53ea\u6d88\u8ba8\u8bba\u5b83\u4fbf\u4f1a\u8ba9\u52aa\u529b\u91cd\u65b0\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u524a\u51cf\u6392\u653e\u4e0a\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6548\u679c\u6070\u6070\u76f8\u53cd\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u82b1\u91cd\u91d1\u5bf9\u5730\u7403\u5de5\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u5199\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u672c\u6587\uff09\u6070\u6070\u7ed9\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u5bf9\u4f4e\u78b3\u4e16\u754c\u5174\u8da3\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u5e26\u6765\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u53c8\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f <\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;\u77e5\u8bc6\u662f\u96be\u4ee5\u9690\u85cf\u7684\uff0c&rdquo;\u7f57\u4f2f\u514b\u8bf4\uff0c&ldquo;\u5982\u679c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u5236\u9020\u6838\u5f39\u8be5\u591a\u597d\u554a\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u540e\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u518d\u5229\u7528\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u60c5\u51b5\u3002&rdquo; <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: larger;\"><strong>\u904f\u5236\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u4e94\u5927\u6781\u7aef\u65b9\u5f0f <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u6a21\u62df\u706b\u5c71\u55b7\u53d1\u5230\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5916\u7a7a\u955c\u9762\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u6b63\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u62b5\u5fa1\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6696\u7684\u65b0\u529e\u6cd5\u3002 <\/p>\n<p><strong>\u589e\u52a0\u5e73\u6d41\u5c42\u60ac\u6d6e\u5fae\u7c92 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5411\u9ad8\u5c42\u5927\u6c14\u55b7\u5c04\u95ea\u4eae\u7684\u786b\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u6a21\u62df\u706b\u5c71\u55b7\u53d1\u7684\u51b7\u5374\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u76f8\u5bf9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7b80\u4fbf\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\u4f1a\u9010\u6e10\u843d\u56de\u5730\u9762\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u5305\u62ec\u5168\u7403\u6c34\u5faa\u73af\u548c\u964d\u6c34\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5236\u6b62\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u7684\u6392\u653e\u53ca\u6d77\u6d0b\u9178\u5316\u7b49\u540e\u679c\u3002 <\/p>\n<p><em>\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\uff1a70% <\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5411\u6d77\u6d0b\u503e\u5012\u94a2\u94c1&ldquo;\u80a5\u6599&rdquo; 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