{"id":39991,"date":"2010-01-28T14:50:00","date_gmt":"2010-01-28T14:50:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-22T22:55:03","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T22:55:03","slug":"39991","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/6\/39991\/","title":{"rendered":"\u76f4\u9762\u7f8e\u56fd\u89e6\u76ee\u60ca\u5fc3\u7684\u6559\u8bad\uff082\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh-cn\/%25E6%258B%2589%25E7%25A7%2591%25E5%25A1%2594\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener 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href=\"https:\/\/www.accessgenealogy.com\/native\/tribes\/siouan\/humkpapahist.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u6d2a\u514b\u5e15\u5e15\u65cf<\/a>\u7b49\u4e94\u4e2a\u90e8\u65cf\u3002\u5c45\u7559\u5730\u5efa\u7acb\u4f0a\u59cb\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u6c42\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u90e8\u843d\u767b\u8bb0\u5165\u518c\u3002\u4eca\u5929\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pine_Ridge_Indian_Reservation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u677e\u6811\u5cad\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u5c45\u7559\u5730<\/a>\u662f\u5965\u683c\u62c9\u62c9\u82cf\u65cf\u7684\u9886\u5730\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u98df\u7269\u9664\u4e86\u4f4e\u8102\u80aa\u3001\u9ad8\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u6c34\u725b\u8089\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u91ce\u751f\u841d\u535c\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wildfoods.info\/wildfoods\/chokecherry.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u91ce\u6a31\u6843<\/a>\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u79cd\u690d\u852c\u83dc\uff0c\u5982\u7389\u7c73\u3001\u5357\u74dc\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u852c\u83dc\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u9760\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u843d\u8fdb\u884c\u8d38\u6613\u800c\u5f97\u3002\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0e\u767d\u4eba\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u59cb\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.trailtribes.org\/pierre\/fur-trade.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u76ae\u6bdb\u4ea4\u6613<\/a>\uff1b<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nps.gov\/fola\/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u62c9\u52d2\u7c73\u5821<\/a>\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u6d77\u72f8\u88ab\u730e\u6740\u6b86\u5c3d\u4e4b\u540e\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fbf\u4e8e\u6c34\u725b\u76ae\u4ea4\u6613\u800c\u4e8e1834\u5e74\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u6cd5\u88d4\u76ae\u6bdb\u5546\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0e\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u901a\u5a5a\u540e\u751f\u4e0b\u6df7\u8840\u513f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6df7\u8840\u513f\u6210\u4e3a\u767d\u4eba\u4e0e\u82cf\u65cf\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u6865\u6881\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5bcc\u6709\u6210\u6548\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4fbf\u5229\u3002 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noreferrer\">\u4fc4\u52d2\u5188\u4e4b\u8def<\/a>\u9014\u5f84\u62c9\u52d2\u7c73\u5821\u3002\u800c\u6cbf\u7740\u8fd9\u4e00\u8def\u7ebf\u5927\u6279\u6d8c\u5165\u7684\u767d\u4eba\u4f7f\u62c9\u79d1\u5854\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u4e25\u91cd\u5a01\u80c1\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>1868\u5e74\u7b7e\u8ba2\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.archives.gov\/education\/lessons\/sioux-treaty\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u8457\u540d\u6761\u7ea6<\/a>\u6700 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<\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u77401874\u5e74<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Armstrong_Custer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u5361\u65af\u7279\u5c06\u519b<\/a>\u7684\u8fdc\u5f81\uff0c\u8fd9\u7247\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u88ab\u63a2\u660e\u7684\u9ec4\u91d1\u50a8\u91cf\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u8bd5\u56fe\u8d2d\u4e70\u5e03\u62c9\u514b\u5c71\u3002\u800c\u4e00\u573a\u89c4\u6a21\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6dd8\u91d1\u70ed\u6f6e\u4e5f\u62c9\u5f00\u5e8f\u5e55\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u7f3a\u4e4f\u571f\u5730\u6240\u6709\u6743\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u62d2\u7edd\u51fa\u552e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u571f\u5730\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u9996\u9886\u9ed1\u96bc\u5c31\u66fe\u8bf4\u9053\uff0c&ldquo;\u6211\u7684\u7406\u667a\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u571f\u5730\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u51fa\u5356\u7684\u3002\u5927\u795e\u5c06\u571f\u5730\u7559\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7684\u5b50\u5b59\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u7247\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u7e41\u884d\u751f\u606f\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u7247\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u5b89\u5c45\u4e50\u4e1a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u5bf9\u5176\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u5207\u6743\u5229\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u5e26\u8d70\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u51fa\u5356\u3002&rdquo; 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noreferrer\">\u4fdd\u5fb7\u6cb3<\/a>\u9644\u8fd1\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u51b2\u7a81\u63a8\u4e0a\u4e86\u9ad8\u6f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u9488\u5bf9\u5361\u65af\u7279\u5c06\u519b\u6218\u4e89\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh-cn\/%25E7%2596%25AF%25E9%25A9%25AC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u75af\u9a6c<\/a>\u7b49\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u9886\u8896\u95fb\u540d\u4e8e\u4e16\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u573a\u5173\u952e\u6027\u80dc\u5229\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u6025\u8f6c\u76f4\u4e0b\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>1877\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u653f\u5e9c\u514b\u6263\u53e3\u7cae\u914d\u7ed9\uff0c\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u8feb\u4e8e\u9965\u997f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u5e03\u62c9\u514b\u5c71\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u4ecd\u7136\u62d2\u7edd\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u6761\u7ea6\u4e0a\u7b7e\u5b57\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u6761\u7ea6\u4ec5\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5341\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u8fdc \u672a\u8fbe\u5230\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\u3002\u52301878\u5e74\uff0c\u677e\u6811\u5cad\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c45\u7559\u5730\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f62\u6210\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u88ab\u8feb\u7b7e\u4e0b\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u5141\u8bb8\u519c\u6c11\u548c\u77ff\u5de5\u79fb\u6c11\u4fb5\u5360\u5176\u4ed6\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u571f\u5730\u3002 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noreferrer\">\u5019\u9e3d<\/a>\u4e5f\u6b7b\u5728\u4e86\u52a8\u7269\u56ed\u91cc\u3002\u800c\u66fe\u51e0\u4f55\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc1\u5f99\u4e2d\u7684\u5019\u9e3d\u906e\u5929\u853d\u65e5\uff0c\u6570\u65e5\u4e0d\u7edd\u3002\u5728\u63a8\u8fdb\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u548c\u5efa\u8bbe&ldquo;\u65b0\u4e16\u754c&rdquo;\u7684\u65d7\u53f7\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5e73\u539f\u7684\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u88ab\u5f7b\u5e95\u5730\u3001\u65e0\u6cd5\u633d\u56de\u5730\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u3002 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noreferrer\">\u6c83\u5c4b\u5361<\/a>\u7684\u6d3e\u5c24\u7279\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u5148\u77e5\u7684\u5e26\u9886\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u573a\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u9884\u8a00\u8fd0\u52a8\u5e2d\u5377\u6574\u4e2a\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u805a\u96c6\u5730\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u9884\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u8df3&ldquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.essortment.com\/all\/nativeamerican_rmqk.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u9b3c\u821e<\/a>&rdquo;\uff0c\u501f\u6b64\u5524\u9192\u6b7b\u53bb\u7684\u5148\u4eba\uff0c\u8ba9\u6c34\u725b\u91cd\u5f52\u5927\u5730\uff0c\u8ba9\u767d\u4eba\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u5965\u683c\u62c9\u62c9-\u62c9\u79d1\u5854\u82cf\u65cf\u72c2\u70ed\u5730\u4fe1\u5949\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9884\u8a00\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684&ldquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ghost_Shirts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u9b3c\u8863<\/a>&rdquo;\u3002\u636e\u8bf4\u7a7f\u4e0a\u6b64\u8863\u5c06\u5200\u67aa\u4e0d\u5165\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>1890\u5e74\uff0c\u6570\u767e\u540d\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u805a\u96c6\u8d77\u821e\u3002\u8fd9\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u767d\u4eba\u7684\u6050\u614c\uff0c\u5e76\u8bd5\u56fe\u7981\u6b62\u8fd9\u79cd\u821e\u8e48\u3002\u652f\u6301\u9b3c\u821e\u7684\u8457\u540d\u7cbe\u795e\u9886\u8896\u5750\u725b\u6700\u7ec8\u88ab\u6740\u5bb3\u3002\u968f\u7740\u7d27\u5f20\u5c40\u52bf\u7684\u5347\u6e29\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u9003\u5f80\u5df4\u5fb7\u5170\u5179\u52a3\u5730\u3002\u800c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u906d\u5230\u4e86<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/7th_Cavalry_Regiment_%28United_States%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u7f8e\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e03\u9a91\u5175\u961f<\/a>\u7684\u963b\u51fb\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/siouxme.com\/bigfoot.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u9996\u9886\u5927\u811a<\/a>\u6295\u964d\u3002\u4e00\u884c\u4eba\u88ab\u62bc\u89e3\u56de\u677e\u6811\u5cad\u5c45\u7559\u5730\u3002\u6b63\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u4f24\u819d\u6cb3\u5b89\u8425\u624e\u5be8\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u67aa\u58f0\u54cd\u8d77\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u575a\u4fe1\u9b3c\u8863\u80fd\u591f\u62a4\u4f53\uff0c\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u6ca1\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u6570\u767e\u540d\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u7537\u4eba\u3001\u5987\u5973\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u513f\u7ae5\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.co.uk\/books?id=rfUFZSlW-JAC&amp;dq=Voices+of+Wounded+Knee&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;source=bn&amp;hl=en&amp;ei=yvROS_qRAZT80wTLmMSvCg&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=4&amp;ved=0CBUQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&amp;q=&amp;f=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u5927\u5c60\u6740<\/a>\u4e2d\u4e27\u751f\u30021890\u5e7412\u670829\u65e5\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4f24\u819d\u6cb3\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u62b5\u6297\u767d\u4eba\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u7ec8\u7ed3\u3002\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u957f\u8fbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u82e6\u96be\u7ecf\u5386\u548c\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u7f3a\u5931\u5219\u7531\u6b64\u62c9\u5f00\u4e86\u5e8f\u5e55\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u6765\u7684\u4fbf\u662f\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c&ldquo;\u7f8e\u56fd\u5316&rdquo;\u548c\u5f3a\u5236\u540c\u5316\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6d3e\u7684\u5584\u610f\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u88ab\u6d3e\u5f80\u5404\u4e2a\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u5c45\u7559\u5730\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u7ade\u4e89\u3002\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh-cn\/%25E5%25B0%25A4%25E5%2588%25A9%25E5%25A1%259E%25E6%2596%25AF%25C2%25B7S%25C2%25B7%25E6%25A0%25BC%25E5%2585%25B0%25E7%2589%25B9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u5c24\u5229\u585e\u65af&middot;S&middot;\u683c\u5170\u7279<\/a>\u603b\u7edf\u4efb\u547d\u7267\u5e08\u4f5c\u4e3a\u653f\u5e9c\u4ee3\u8868\u65f6\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh-cn\/%25E7%25BE%258E%25E5%259C%258B%25E8%2581%2596%25E5%2585%25AC%25E6%259C%2583\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u5723\u516c\u4f1a<\/a>\u83b7\u5f97\u6388\u6743\u638c\u7ba1\u677e\u6811\u5cad\u5730\u533a\uff08\u6b64\u4e3e\u504f\u79bb\u4e86\u653f\u6559\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff09\u3002\u79c9\u627f\u7740\u9020\u798f\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ef\u601c\u7684\u5f02\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5927\u8086\u5ba3\u626c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u5e76\u5ba3\u79f0\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u662f\u65e0\u77e5\u7684\u6076\u9b54\u4fe1\u5f92\u3002\u5370 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noreferrer\">\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u4e8b\u52a1\u5c40<\/a>\uff08BIA\uff09\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u96c7\u4f63\u613f\u610f\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u5965\u683c\u62c9\u62c9\u4eba\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u767d\u4eba\u6267\u6cd5\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u571f\u5730\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4e0a\u6587\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u7f3a\u4e4f\u571f\u5730\u6240\u6709\u6743\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u571f\u5730\u4e00\u70b9\u4e00\u70b9\u5730\u4ece\u4ed6\u4eec\u624b\u4e2d\u88ab\u9a97\u8d70\u3002\u800c\u540e\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u7d22\u6743\u4f7f\u571f\u5730\u4fdd\u6709\u6743\u95ee\u9898\u53d8\u5f97\u5f02\u5e38\u590d\u6742\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u5386\u53f2\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u626d\u8f6c\u30021934\u5e74\u9881\u5e03\u7684\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_Reorganization_Act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener 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href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/article\/show\/single\/ch\/3476-Facing-America-s-demons-3-\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7<\/a>\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u524d\u8f66\u4e4b\u9274\uff1f <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u9875\u56fe\u7247\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c0f\u5927\u89d2\u5c71\u6218\u5f79\uff0c\u6765\u81ea<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Custer_Massacre_At_Big_Horn,_Montana_June_25_1876.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u88ab\u767d\u4eba\u5b9a\u5c45\u8005\u8fde\u6839\u62d4\u8d77\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u73af\u5883\u548c\u6587\u5316\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u7834\u574f\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6731\u8fea\u601d&bull;\u590f\u76ae\u7f57\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u90e8\u843d\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2296,"featured_media":54176,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[779],"tags":[],"hashtags":[],"country":[],"class_list":["post-39991","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-779"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium 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