{"id":40061,"date":"2010-03-26T15:05:00","date_gmt":"2010-03-26T15:05:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-22T22:55:40","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T22:55:40","slug":"40061","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/3\/40061\/","title":{"rendered":"\u53ea\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u8d70\u5411\u7eff\u8272\u751f\u6d3b\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5341\u4e8c\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.billmckibben.com\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u6bd4\u5c14&middot;\u9ea6\u514b\u57fa\u672c<\/a>\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u5c0f\u518c\u5b50\uff0c\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u6216\u8bb8\u5c31\u4e00\u4e2a\uff1a\u5173\u4e8e\u7f29\u5c0f\u5bb6\u5ead\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u73af\u5883\u6027\u89c1\u89e3\u300b\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u5f53\u7136\u6709\u5176\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u6700\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u9ea6\u514b\u57fa\u672c\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u8f93\u7cbe\u7ba1\u7ed3\u624e\u624b\u672f\u4e0a\u82b1\u7684\u7b14\u58a8\u6709\u70b9\u592a\u591a\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u975e\u5047\u88c5\u8654\u8bda\u6216\u8005\u865a\u5f20\u58f0\u52bf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u4f5c\u8005\u6709\u70b9\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u8fc7\u4e8e\u8c28\u614e\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u5f3a\u8c03\u4ed6\u5e76\u975e\u8bd5\u56fe\u5de6\u53f3\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u5168\u77e5\u5168\u80fd\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u9898\u76ee\u91cc\u5c31\u6709\u4e2a&ldquo;\u6216\u8bb8&rdquo;\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u4e86\u3002 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noreferrer\">\u7406\u60f3\u4eba\u53e3\u4fe1\u6258<\/a>\u7b49\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0d\u5c51\u4e00\u987e\uff0c\u751f\u80b2\u6743\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u4eec\u4e5f\u548c\u53cd\u5815\u80ce\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5171\u540c\u8bed\u8a00\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u975e\u5e38\u75af\u72c2\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u5982&ldquo;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vhemt.org\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u4eba\u7c7b\u81ea\u613f\u706d\u7edd\u8fd0\u52a8<\/a>&rdquo;\uff0c \u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u7ed9\u5b83\u7684\u521b\u7acb\u8005\u83b1\u65af&middot;\u8010\u7279\uff08\u8010\u7279\u662f\u897f\u6d77\u5cb8\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u4ee3\u8bfe\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u8bfe\u95f4\u4f11\u606f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u80fd\u548c\u4ed6\u8c08\u8bdd\uff09\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4ed6\u975e\u4f46\u6839\u672c\u4e00\u70b9\u90fd\u4e0d\u75af\u72c2\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u5934\u8111\u6e05 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href=\"https:\/\/www.stat.oregonstate.edu\/people\/murtaugh\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u4fdd\u7f57&middot;\u83ab\u5854\u592b<\/a>\u548c\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14&middot;\u65bd\u83b1\u79d1\u65af\u5f00\u59cb\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5398\u6e05&ldquo;\u78b3\u9057\u4ea7&rdquo;\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u53bb\u5e74\u590f\u5929\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7814\u7a76<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.oregonlive.com\/environment_impact\/2009\/07\/carbon%20legacy.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u7ed3\u679c<\/a>\u5728\u300a<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/wps\/find\/journaldescription.cws_home\/30425\/description#description\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u5168\u7403\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u5316<\/a>\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u83ab\u5854\u592b\u548c\u65bd\u83b1\u79d1\u65af\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u5165\u624b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u524d\u63d0\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u5bf9\u592b\u5987\u751f\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u8981\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u6bd5\u751f\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u8d1f50%\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u53c8\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u5219\u8fd9\u5bf9\u592b\u5987\u8981\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5b59\u5b50\uff08\u5973\uff09\u7684\u6392\u653e\u8d1f25%\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u4f9d\u6b21\u9012\u51cf\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7b97\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u592b\u5987\u5e73\u5747\u8981\u8d1f\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u5462\uff1f <\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u969c\u788d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u672a\u6765\u7684<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_countries_by_carbon_dioxide_emissions_per_capita\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u4eba\u5747\u6392\u653e\u7387<\/a>\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5b83\u4eec\u51e0\u4e4e\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u8981\u4e0a\u5347\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u968f\u7740\u80fd\u6548\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u5b9e\u884c\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u662f\u672a\u6765\u7684\u751f\u80b2\u7387\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u7684\u66fe\u66fe\u5b59\u5973\u5230\u5e95\u4f1a\u751f\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u653e\u8005\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\uff1f\u516d\u4e2a\uff1f\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u4e0d\u751f\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u751f\u80b2\u7387\uff0c\u7a46\u5c14\u5854\u592b\u548c\u65af\u62c9\u79d1\u65af\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u9884\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9884\u6d4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u6811\u6700\u7ec8\u6d88\u4ea1\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e1a\u5df2\u51b3\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\u505c\u6b62\u53d1\u5c55\uff09\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u4eba\u5747\u6392\u653e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u5883\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u4e50\u89c2\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u4eba\u5747\u6392\u653e\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u60b2\u89c2\u7684\uff0c\u6392\u653e\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u6298\u8877\u7684\uff0c\u6392\u653e\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee4\u4eba\u9707\u60ca\u3002\u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u653e\u5f03\u751f\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u63929441\u5428\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u5176\u6bd5\u751f\u6392\u653e\u603b\u989d\u7684\u516d\u500d\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5750\u98de\u673a\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u548c\u4f26\u6566\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f80\u8fd42550\u6b21\u3002\u540c\u6837\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u6309\u7167\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u8282\u80fd\u51cf\u6392\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6362\u4e00\u8f86\u66f4\u7701\u6cb9\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u3001\u5927\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u5f00\u8f66\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u8282\u80fd\u7a97\u6237\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u8282\u80fd\u706f\u6ce1\u3001\u66f4\u6362\u51b0\u7bb1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u628a\u5bb6\u91cc\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7eb8\u5f20\u3001\u73bb\u7483\u548c\u91d1\u5c5e\u5168\u90fd\u56de\u6536\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u80fd\u51cf\u5c11\u7684\u6392\u653e\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5230500\u5428\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u4fc4\u52d2\u5188\u5927\u5b66\u4e24\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6d89\u53ca\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u800c\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u4eba\u5747\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u5df2\u7ecf\u964d\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u3002\uff08\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u7535\u5382\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u800c\u975e\u7164\u70ad\u3002\uff09\u4f46\u5728\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08\u5982\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u5176\u4eba\u5747\u6392\u653e\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u63a5\u8fd1\uff09\uff0c\u5c11\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u540c\u6837\u5de8\u5927\u3002\u5373\u4f7f<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u653f\u5e9c\u95f4\u4e13\u95e8\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a<\/a>\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6392\u653e\u76ee\u6807\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u6210\u529f\u5b9e\u65bd\uff08\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u7684&ldquo;\u4e50\u89c2\u60c5\u5883&rdquo;\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u51cf\u6392\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3562\u5428\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u53ea\u80fd\u51cf\u6392233\u5428\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u65e2\u7136\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5168\u7403\u4eba\u53e3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u73af\u5883\u56e2\u4f53\u4e3b\u5f20\u5bcc\u88d5\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u8003\u8651\u7f29\u5c0f\u5bb6\u5ead\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u5417\uff1f<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org.uk\/autofrontpage\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u7eff\u8272\u548c\u5e73\u7ec4\u7ec7\u82f1\u56fd\u5206\u90e8<\/a>\u7684\u6267\u884c\u603b\u5e72\u4e8b<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.guardian.co.uk\/profile\/johnsauven\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u7ea6\u7ff0&middot;\u7d22\u6587<\/a>\u627f\u8ba4\u51cf\u5c11\u4eba\u53e3\u80fd\u591f\u51cf\u8f7b\u5730\u7403\u8d1f\u62c5\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a&ldquo;\u4e0d\u8a00\u800c\u55bb\u7684\u4e8b&rdquo;\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u5728\u7eff\u8272\u548c\u5e73\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5185\u90e8\u53d1\u8d77\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u6837\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u51fa\u4e8e\u4ec0\u4e48\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u636e\u4ed6\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u610f\u8bc6\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u4eba\u4eec&ldquo;\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u5c11&rdquo;\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u7eaa\u5f55\u7247\u5236\u4f5c\u4eba<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.guardian.co.uk\/environment\/2009\/sep\/01\/franny-armstrong-10-10\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u6cd5\u5170\u59ae&middot;\u963f\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u6717<\/a>\u5728\u300a\u536b\u62a5\u300b\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u540d\u4e3a<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.guardian.co.uk\/environment\/10-10\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">&ldquo;10\uff1a10&rdquo;\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8<\/a>\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u4eca\u5e74&mdash;&mdash;2010\u5e74\u5b9e\u73b0\u82f1\u56fd10%\u7684\u78b3\u51cf\u6392\u3002\u5979\u8bf4\u5728\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u7b56\u5212\u9636\u6bb5\u66fe\u7ecf\u8003\u8651\u8fc7\u51cf\u5c11\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u540e\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u3002&ldquo;\u6211\u4eec\u786e\u5b9e\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u51fa\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u91c7\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u768410\uff1a10\u8fd0\u52a8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ed\u671f\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5173\u4e8e2010\u5e74\u7684\u51cf\u6392\u3002&rdquo; <\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u6bd4\u5c14&middot;\u9ea6\u514b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u300a\u6216\u8bb8\u5c31\u4e00\u4e2a\u300b\u51fa\u7248\u5341\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u663e\u7136\u4ecd\u65e7\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u597d\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u3002&ldquo;10\uff1a10\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c11\u7cb9\u6d3e\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u505a\u8d77&rdquo;\uff0c\u963f\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u6717\u8bf4\uff0c&ldquo;\u6211\u5b8c\u5168\u540c\u610f\uff08\u5bb6\u5ead\u89c4\u6a21\uff09\u662f<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elephant_in_the_room\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u5ba4\u4e2d\u5927\u8c61<\/a>\uff08\u5373\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u4f46\u5374\u88ab\u67d0\u65b9\u6545\u610f\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u63d0\u7684\u95ee\u9898&mdash;&mdash;\u8bd1\u8005\u6ce8\uff09\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8005\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e54\u6cbb&middot;\u8499\u6bd4\u5c14\u7279\u6216\u8005<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.naomiklein.org\/main\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u7eb3\u5965\u7c73&middot;\u514b\u83b1\u6069<\/a>\u9996\u5148\u63d0\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u522b\u7684\u4ec0\u4e48\u4eba\u3002\u5982\u679c\u73b0\u5728\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c11\u7cb9\u6d3e\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\u9a6c\u4e0a\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6574\u4e2a\u8fd0\u52a8\u53d8\u5f97\u4e00\u56e2\u7cdf\u3002&rdquo; <\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bae\u9898\u5728\u5f71\u54cd\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u6240\u906d\u9047\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\uff08\u65e0\u8bba\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u7acb\u573a\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5982\u4f55\uff09\u90fd\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u7406\u7531\u5bf9\u5b83\u907f\u800c\u4e0d\u8c08\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u628a\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u5f53\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bae\u9898\u5c31\u662f\u66f4\u65e0\u5173\u7d27\u8981\u4e86\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6240\u8c13&ldquo;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thefreedictionary.com\/busybody\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u597d\u4e8b\u8005<\/a>&rdquo;\u7684\u65e0\u4e8b\u751f\u975e\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u4f60\u7acb\u573a\u504f\u5de6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u90fd\u5f3a\u70c8\u5e0c\u671b\u51cf\u5c11\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bae\u9898\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u5c34\u5c2c\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u8981\u4e3a\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5386\u53f2\u6027\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bae\u9898\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u8981\u628a\u8d23\u4efb\u63a8\u5378\u5230\u4eba\u53e3\u589e\u957f\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5934\u4e0a\u4f3c\u7684\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53cd\u5bf9\u79fb\u6c11\u7684\u53f3\u7ffc\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6574\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u90fd\u662f\u843d\u540e\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u62c5\u5fc3\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u53e3\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u6307\u767d\u4eba\uff09\u589e\u957f\u5f97\u4e0d\u591f\u5feb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6307\u8d23\u51cf\u5c0f\u5bb6\u5ead\u89c4\u6a21\u662f\u4e0d\u901a\u60c5\u7406\u7684\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\uff0c\u6700\u666e\u904d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5373\u5bb6\u5ead\u89c4\u6a21\u53ea\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u79c1\u4e8b\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6216\u8005\u516c\u5171\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e4b\u5185\u3002\u5c31\u7b97\u53ea\u662f\u8c08\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bdd\u9898\u5c31\u6709\u4e9b\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u4e86\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4eba\u5c34\u5c2c\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1a\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5173\u4e8e\u707e\u96be\u6027\u4eba\u53e3\u7206\u70b8\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4ece\u6765\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ece18\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malthusian_catastrophe\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u6258\u9a6c\u65af&middot;\u9a6c\u5c14\u8428\u65af<\/a>\uff0c\u523020\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Population_Bomb\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u4fdd\u7f57&middot;\u57c3\u5229\u5e0c<\/a>\uff0c\u518d\u5230<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.unfpa.org\/public\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u4eba\u53e3\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a<\/a>\uff08\u5b83\u57281987\u5e74\u9884\u8a00&ldquo;\u4e94\u5341\u4ebf\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5c06\u9677\u5165\u5927\u707e\u96be&rdquo;\uff0c\u800c\u73b0\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4eba\u53e3\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fbe\u523067\u4ebf\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u5bf9\u5f3a\u5236\u8ba1\u5212\u751f\u80b2\u611f\u5230\u4e3a\u96be\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/news.xinhuanet.com\/english\/2009-12\/10\/content_12624315.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u5728\u54e5\u672c\u54c8\u6839\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a<\/a>\u628a&ldquo;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/geography.about.com\/od\/populationgeography\/a\/onechild.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u72ec\u751f\u5b50\u5973<\/a>&rdquo;\u653f\u7b56\u5f53\u4f5c\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u5371\u673a\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/news.xinhuanet.com\/english\/2009-12\/11\/content_12632499.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u63d0\u51fa\u6765<\/a>\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u56f4\u7ed5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u653f\u7b56\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u6240\u8c13\u5f3a\u5236\u8282\u80b2\u548c\u5815\u80ce\u7684\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u6240\u8c13\u6740\u5a74\u7684\u8c23\u8a00\u3002\u751f\u6b96\u9009\u62e9\u652f\u6301\u8005\u4eec\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u867d\u7136\u6bdb\u9aa8\u609a\u7136\uff0c\u5374\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u518d\u6b21\u63d0\u51fa\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u613f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u5982\u63a8\u5e7f\u8ba1\u5212\u751f\u80b2\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u7684\u6124\u6012&mdash;&mdash;&ldquo;\u53cd\u5815\u80ce&rdquo;\u8fd0\u52a8\u8005\u4eec\u62c5\u5fc3\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u5815\u80ce\u9ad8\u6f6e\u3002 <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.optimumpopulation.org\/opt.aboutus.html\">OPT<\/a>\u6700\u8fd1\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u5212\u751f\u80b2\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u78b3\u51cf\u6392\u6bcf\u5428\u7684\u6210\u672c\u53ea\u67097\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u800c\u901a\u8fc7\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u51cf\u6392\u5219\u898151\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d1\u73b0\u8ba9\u73af\u5883\u7ec4\u7ec7\u9677\u4e8e\u762b\u75ea\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u5373\u4f7f\u6697\u793a\u8981\u589e\u52a0\u5bf9\u5815\u80ce\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u63f4\u52a9\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4ed8\u51fa\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4ee3\u4ef7\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u8db3\u591f\u575a\u51b3\u5730\u8bf4\u51fa&lsquo;\u65e0\u53ef\u5949\u544a&rsquo;&rdquo;\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7eff\u8272\u56e2\u4f53<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sierraclub.org\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u585e\u62c9\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8<\/a>\u7684 \u5927\u536b&middot;\u6c49\u5bc6\u5c14\u987f\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u534e\u76db\u987f\u90ae\u62a5\u91c7\u8bbf\u65f6\u8bf4\u3002\uff08\u4ed6\u6709\u7406\u7531\u4fdd\u6301\u6c89\u9ed8\uff1a\u585e\u62c9\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u81ea\u8eab\u65e9\u57282004\u5e74\u5c31\u66fe\u906d\u9047\u8fc7\u4eba\u53e3\u653f\u6cbb\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4e00\u7fa4\u4eba\u53e3\u63a7\u5236\u4e3b\u5f20\u8005\u4eec\u8bd5\u56fe\u593a\u53d6 \u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u6743\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u672c\u8eab\u5374\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u5bf9\u79fb\u6c11\uff0c\u7406\u7531\u662f\u79fb\u6c11\u5728\u8e0f\u4e0a\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u571f\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u523b\u8d77\u5c31\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u78b3\u8db3\u8ff9\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e3b\u5f20\u8ba9\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5c34\u5c2c\u3002\uff09 <\/p>\n<p>\u4e25\u683c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u548c\u5177\u6709\u6c14\u5019\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u80b2\u51b3\u5b9a\u6beb\u65e0\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6216\u8bb8OPT\u662f\u65f7\u91ce\u4e2d\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u4e2a\u52c7\u6562\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5176\u53d7\u6258\u4eba\u897f\u8499&middot;\u7f57\u65af\u6240\u8bf4\u7684&ldquo;\u522b\u4eba\u8c01\u90fd\u4e0d\u60f3\uff08\u56e0\u6b64\uff09\u6389\u8111\u888b&rdquo;\u3002\u53c8\u6216\u8bb8\uff0c\u50cf\u8499\u6bd4\u5c14\u7279\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a&ldquo;\u65e0\u4eba\u6559\u4f1a&rdquo;\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e00\u7fa4\u65e0\u6240\u4e8b\u4e8b\u7684\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u767d\u4eba\u7537\u4eba\u4eec\u4e3a\u4e86\u628a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6c14\u5019\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u54ea\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4ece\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5c11\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50&mdash;&mdash;\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u9ad8\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u786e\u786e\u5b9e\u5b9e\u7684\u597d\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u628a\u8bdd\u9898\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u7f29\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u96be\u4ee5\u7f6e\u4fe1\u7684\u6012\u706b\u3002\u4e24\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u300a<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ethicalconsumer.org\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u9053\u5fb7\u6d88\u8d39<\/a>\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u7684\u8bb0\u8005<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sarahirving.net\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u838e\u62c9&middot;\u57c3\u5c14\u6587<\/a>\u6210\u4e86<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/femail\/article-495495\/Meet-women-wont-babies--theyre-eco-friendly.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u300a\u6bcf\u65e5\u90ae\u62a5\u300b\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0<\/a>\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u8ba4\u540c\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u5bb6\u5ead\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u751f\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u592b\u5987\u7684\u3002\uff08\u6bcf\u65e5\u90ae\u62a5\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e0d\u7ecf\u610f\u5730\u663e\u5f97\u6b47\u65af\u5e95\u91cc\uff0c\u5176\u4f5c\u8005\u5bf9\u4e8e\u81ea\u613f\u4e0d\u751f\u80b2\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u4f4d\u5987\u5973\u51fa\u4e8e\u73af\u5883\u8003\u8651\u800c\u5815\u80ce\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u8bf4\u6210&ldquo;\u98a0\u5012\u5929\u6027&rdquo;\u3001&ldquo;\u5426\u5b9a\u6bcd\u6027&rdquo;\u3002\uff09 <\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u82b1\u8d39\u5f88\u5927\u529f\u592b&lsquo;\u4eba\u8089\u641c\u7d22&rsquo;\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u6211\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u7535\u90ae\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5199\u90ae\u4ef6\u5492\u9a82\u6211&lsquo;\u4f60\u600e\u4e48\u4e0d\u81ea\u6740\u5462&rsquo;\u4e4b\u7c7b\uff0c&rdquo;\u57c3\u5c14\u6587\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u300a\u6bcf\u65e5\u90ae\u62a5\u300b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u8fd8\u7279\u522b\u5f15\u8ff0\u5979\u7684\u8bdd\u8bf4\u5979\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u6ca1\u60f3\u8fc7\u544a\u8bc9\u522b\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u5426\u8981\u751f\u5b69\u5b50\u3002&ldquo;\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6562\u8c08\u8bba\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u8981\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.die.net\/barmy\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u766b\u72c2<\/a>\u6216\u8005\u81ea\u79c1\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u8511\u89c6\uff1a&lsquo;\u8981\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u4f60\u80af\u5b9a\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u4e3b\u610f\u7684&rsquo;\u3002&rdquo; <\/p>\n<p>\u53ea\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u540c\u6837\u9762\u4e34\u504f\u89c1\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u9ea6\u514b\u57fa\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u6700\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u8bf4\u6ca1\u6709\u8ff9\u8c61\u8868\u660e\u72ec\u751f\u5b50\u5973\u662f\u6709\u5bb3\u7684\u3002\u7684\u786e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u6697\u793a\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0e\u66f4\u591a\u5b69\u5b50\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u72ec\u751f\u5b50\u5973\u66f4\u597d\u4ea4\u9645\uff0c\u667a\u529b\u6c34\u5e73\u4e5f\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b69\u5b50\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u5fc5\u987b\u8017\u8d39\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u7cbe\u529b\u548c\u8d22\u529b\u624d\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6c34\u51c6\u3002 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href=\"https:\/\/www.jonathonporritt.com\/pages\/2009\/03\/a_sustainable_population.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u4e54\u7eb3\u68ee&middot;\u6ce2\u5229\u7279<\/a>\u5bf9\u4e00\u4f4d\u91c7\u8bbf\u8005\u8bf4\uff1a&ldquo;\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u6761\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u591a\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u662f\u4e0d\u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u3002&rdquo; <\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;\u8fd9\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u8001\u4e00\u5957\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u62ef\u6551\u4e16\u754c\u800c\u53bb\u6740\u4eba\uff0c&rdquo;\u53cd\u5815\u80ce\u6d3b\u52a8\u8005<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.guardian.co.uk\/science\/2005\/feb\/27\/genetics.theobserver\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u7ea6\u745f\u82ac&middot;\u6606\u5854\u74e6\u83b1<\/a>\u6309\u7167\u81ea\u5df1\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u62db\u724c\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u8bba\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bae\u5458<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.annwiddecombemp.com\/text.aspx?id=1\" 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