{"id":40077372,"date":"2019-05-02T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-05-01T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/china-dialogue-ocean-staging.darkbluehq.com\/8054-curbing-deadly-shipping-emissions-2\/"},"modified":"2022-02-10T23:13:44","modified_gmt":"2022-02-10T17:43:44","slug":"77372","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/9\/77372\/","title":{"rendered":"\u63a7\u5236\u8239\u8236\u6392\u653e\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u6cbf\u6d77\u73af\u5883"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u91c7\u53d6\u63aa\u65bd\u63a7\u5236\u8fd1\u6d77\u8239\u8236\u9020\u6210\u7684\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5c06\u56fd\u5185\u533a\u57df\u8239\u8236\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\u6269\u5927\u81f3\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u6d77\u5cb8\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3e\u63aa\u867d\u7136\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u65b0\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8239\u8236\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\u8fd8\u6709\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u6d77\u4e8b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u76ee\u524d\u7ba1\u7406\u76844\u4e2a\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\uff08ECAs\uff09\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u501f\u9274\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fd\u9645\u6d77\u4e8b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u662f\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u56fd\u9645\u822a\u8fd0\u7684\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\u5bf9\u786b\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u548c\u6c2e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u7684\u6392\u653e\u6709\u7740\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u822a\u8fd0\u5bf9\u654f\u611f\u4eba\u7fa4\u548c\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u3002
\n[chinadialogue_image]<\/p>\n

\"\u56fd\u9645\u6d77\u4e8b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\"
\u6ce8\uff1a\u5317\u7f8e\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\u5305\u62ec\u7f8e\u56fd\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u6d77\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

[\/chinadialogue_image]<\/p>\n

\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u56fd\u5bb6\u6b63\u5728\u52aa\u529b\u6210\u4e3a\u6d77\u4e8b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u63a7\u5236\u533a\u5927\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u6210\u5458\u3002\u73af\u5883\u5408\u4f5c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u7f72\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5bf9200\u6d77\u91cc\u7684\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u5206\u6790<\/a>\u3002\u6b27\u6d32\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u548c\u6cd5\u56fd\u4e5f\u516c\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u9488\u5bf9\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u957f\u6c5f\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u3001\u73af\u6e24\u6d77\u6c34\u57df\u548c\u73e0\u6c5f\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u5206\u522b\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u7ea7\u8239\u8236\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u968f\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u884c\u4e1a\u76f8\u5173\u65b9\u90fd\u5728\u601d\u8003\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u4f55\u65f6\u52a0\u5165\u56fd\u9645\u6d77\u4e8b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5168\u7403\u7f51\u7edc\u3002
\n[chinadialogue_image]<\/p>\n

\"\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ea7\u548c\u533a\u57df\u7ea7\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\"
\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u6bdb\u7b49\u4eba\uff08\u5373\u5c06\u51fa\u7248\uff09\uff0c\u73e0\u6c5f\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u8239\u8236\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\u7684\u6210\u672c\u548c\u6548\u76ca\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u6e05\u6d01\u8fd0\u8f93\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

[\/chinadialogue_image]<\/p>\n

\u63a7\u5236\u8239\u8236\u6392\u653e\u662f\u5426\u5fc5\u8981\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u79d1\u7f57\u62c9\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u535a\u5c14\u5fb7\u5206\u6821\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u6e05\u6d01\u8fd0\u8f93\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a<\/a>\u3002\u636e\u8be5\u62a5\u544a\u4fdd\u5b88\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c2015\u5e74\u822a\u8fd0\u9020\u6210\u7ea66\u4e07\u4eba\u8fc7\u65e9\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u53d7\u6392\u653e\u5f71\u54cd\u524d5\u540d\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u53d7\u5230\u6d77\u4e8b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\u7684\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u767e\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6574\u4f53\u8fc7\u65e9\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u548c\u4eba\u5747\u8fc7\u65e9\u6b7b\u4ea1\u65b9\u9762\u6392\u540d\u7b2c4\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u5728\u5176\u4e1c\u6d77\u5cb8\u6709\u5317\u6d77\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

2015\u5e74\u8239\u8fd0\u6392\u653e\u9020\u6210\u8fc7\u65e9\u6b7b\u4ea1\u6392\u540d\u524d20\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6<\/h4>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n

\n
\u6392\u540d<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u56fd\u5bb6<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2015\u5e74\u8239\u8fd0\u9020\u6210\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4eba\u6570<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u5168\u7403\u5360\u6bd4<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u4e2d\u56fd<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
22,400<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
37%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
2<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u65e5\u672c<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
4,100<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
7%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
3<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u5370\u5ea6<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
3,400<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
6%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
4<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u82f1\u56fd<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
3,200<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
5%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
5<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1,900<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
3%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
6<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u5fb7\u56fd<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1,900<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
3%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
7<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u5df4\u897f<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1,400<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
8<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u8d8a\u5357<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1,400<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
9<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u610f\u5927\u5229<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1,300<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
10<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u7f8e\u56fd<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1,200<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
11<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u6cd5\u56fd<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1,100<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
12<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u57c3\u53ca<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1,100<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
13<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1,000<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
14<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u8377\u5170<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
880<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
15<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u897f\u73ed\u7259<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
880<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
16<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
730<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
17<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u571f\u8033\u5176<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
730<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
18<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u97e9\u56fd<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
690<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
19<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
600<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
20<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u6469\u6d1b\u54e5<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
590<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1%<\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n\n
\u524d20<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
50,500<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
84%<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n\n
\u5176\u4ed6<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
9,200<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
16%<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n\n
\u603b\u8ba1<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
59,700<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n
\n
100%<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\u6570\u636e\u6765\u6e90: Anenberg et al. 2019<\/a>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u56fd2013\u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u300a\u5927\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u9632\u6cbb\u884c\u52a8\u8ba1\u5212\u300b<\/a>\uff0c\u62c9\u5f00\u4e86\u5bf9\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u5ba3\u6218\u7684\u5e8f\u5e55\u30022018\u5e74\u51fa\u53f0\u7684\u300a\u6253\u8d62\u84dd\u5929\u4fdd\u536b\u6218\u4e09\u5e74\u884c\u52a8\u8ba1\u5212\u300b<\/a>\u53c8\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u6218\u5f79\u63d0\u5347\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002\u300a\u884c\u52a8\u8ba1\u5212\u300b\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5c06\u786b\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u548c\u6c2e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u6bd42015\u5e74\u51cf\u5c1115%\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0cPM2.5\u672a\u8fbe\u6807\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u5176\u6d53\u5ea6\u6bd42015\u5e74\u964d\u4f4e18%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u867d\u7136\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u300a\u884c\u52a8\u8ba1\u5212\u300b\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4f469\u4e2a\u6cbf\u6d77\u7701\u7ea7\u884c\u653f\u533a\u4e2d\u53ea\u67093\u4e2a<\/a>\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u6bcf\u7acb\u65b9\u7c7335\u5fae\u514b\u7684PM2.5\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6cbf\u6d77\u7701\u4efd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fdd\u62a4\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u662f\u5426\u8db3\u591f\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u9010\u6b65\u63a7\u5236\u5176\u9886\u6d77\u5185\u7684\u8239\u8236\u6392\u653e\u3002\u71c3\u6599\u8d28\u91cf\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u533a\u57df\u8239\u8236\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\u4ece2016\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u5c06\u822a\u8fd0\u71c3\u6599\u7684\u542b\u786b\u91cf\u9650\u5236\u57280.5%\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8239\u8236\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u533a\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u9650\u5236\u5c06\u8986\u76d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6d77\u5cb8\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n

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