{"id":40245,"date":"2010-07-28T13:42:00","date_gmt":"2010-07-28T13:42:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-26T09:22:16","modified_gmt":"2020-06-26T09:22:16","slug":"40245","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/3\/40245\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e66\u8bc4\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9a6c\u5c14\u8428\u65af\u9519\u4e86"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>\u300a\u4eba\u53e3\u4e4b\u9707\u300b\uff1a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u79fb\u6c11\u3001\u8001\u9f84\u5316\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u91cf\u9510\u51cf<br \/>\n<b>\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7&middot;\u76ae\u5c14\u65af<\/b><span><br \/>\n<\/span><b>\u4f0a\u7538\u56ed\u9879\u76ee\u56fe\u4e66\uff0c<\/b><b>2010<br \/>\n<\/b><\/b><a a=\"\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2589%2598%25E9%25A9%25AC%25E6%2596%25AF%25C2%25B7%25E7%25BD%2597%25E4%25BC%25AF%25E7%2589%25B9%25C2%25B7%25E9%25A9%25AC%25E5%25B0%2594%25E8%2590%25A8%25E6%2596%25AF\" rel=\"noopener 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noreferrer\"><span>\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7&middot;\u76ae\u5c14\u65af<\/span><\/a>\u8bf4\uff0c\u9a6c\u5c14\u8428\u65af\u6307\u51fa\u4eba\u53e3\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a8\u52a8\u529b\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a&ldquo;\u9634\u6697\u53c8\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u5929\u624d&rdquo;\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u51e0\u4e4e\u5168\u90fd\u9519\u4e86\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9a6c\u5c14\u8428\u65af\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u5374\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u7cbe\u82f1\u4e2d\u6d41\u4f20\u4e86\u6570\u767e\u5e74\uff0c\u76f4\u81f320\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\u534a\u53f6\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u59cb\u7ec8\u5bf9\u4eba\u53e3\u5b9a\u65f6\u70b8\u5f39\u5145\u6ee1\u6050\u60e7\uff0c\u4f18\u751f\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e5f\u5c31\u6b64\u840c\u82bd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5230\u4e8620\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c&ldquo;\u4eba\u53e3\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u8005&rdquo;\u6bd4\u6bd4\u7686\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d2\u624b\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u62c5\u5fc3\u5373\u5c06\u5230\u6765\u7684&ldquo;<a a=\"\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%25A9%25AC%25E5%25B0%2594%25E8%2590%25A8%25E6%2596%25AF%25E7%2581%25BE%25E9%259A%25BE\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span>\u9a6c\u5c14\u8428\u65af\u4eba\u53e3\u707e\u96be<\/span><\/a>&rdquo;\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u8d2b\u7a77\u7684\u5730\u533a\u63a7\u5236\u4eba\u53e3\u589e\u957f\u3002\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d44\u52a9\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u8ba1\u5212\u751f\u80b2\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u6807\u6307\u5411\u5c11\u6570\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5916\u56fd\u8d44\u52a9\u4e43\u81f3\u5bf9\u5916\u8d38\u6613\u90fd\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5411\u5e02\u6c11\u65bd\u538b\u8981\u6c42\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u7edd\u80b2\uff1b\u800c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u72ec\u751f\u5b50\u5973\u653f\u7b56\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u6b8b\u5fcd\u7684\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u6d41\u4ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u4eba\u53e3\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u8005\u6240\u9884\u8a00\u7684\u5c06\u51fa\u73b0\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa40\u5e74\u4ee3\u548c80\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u9965\u8352\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u519c\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519c\u5b66\u5bb6<a a=\"\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25AF%25BA%25E6%259B%25BC%25C2%25B7%25E5%25B8%2583%25E5%258A%25B3%25E6%25A0%25BC\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span>\u8bfa\u66fc&middot;\u5e03\u52b3\u683c<\/span><\/a>\u56e0\u5728\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\u57f9\u80b2\u51fa\u77ee\u5c0f\u9ea6\u7684\u9ad8\u4ea7\u54c1\u79cd\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c0f\u9ea6\u5728\u6d47\u6c34\u548c\u65bd\u80a5\u540e\uff0c\u7ed3\u51fa\u7684\u9ea6\u7a57\u9971\u6ee1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5012\u4f0f\u3002\u5230\u4e8620\u4e16\u754c70\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u7b49\u5730\u5c0f\u9ea6\u548c\u7389\u7c73\u7684\u4ea7\u91cf\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ffb\u4e86\u4e00\u756a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4e9b\u73af\u4fdd\u4eba\u58eb\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00<a a=\"\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%25BB%25BF%25E8%2589%25B2%25E9%259D%25A9%25E5%2591%25BD\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span>\u7eff\u8272\u9769\u547d<\/span><\/a>\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u662f\u4ef6\u597d\u4e8b\u5fc3\u5b58\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u7eff\u8272\u9769\u547d\u4ee4\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u4f17\u591a\u519c\u6c11\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4ee5\u673a\u68b0\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\u9ad8\u3001\u80fd\u8017\u5927\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ece\u4e8b\u519c\u8015\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u76ae\u5c14\u65af\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u540c\u65f6\u53cd\u95ee\u9053\uff1a&ldquo;\u96be\u9053\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u770b\u5230\u51e0\u5341\u4ebf\u4eba\u6328\u997f\u5417\uff1f&rdquo;\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5f53\u9965\u8352\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u8d2d\u4e70\u98df\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\u5173\u4e8e\u4eba\u53e3\u8fc7\u5269\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u7c7b\u9762\u4e34\u9965\u8352\u7684\u8b66\u544a\u4ece\u672a\u505c\u6b62\u8fc7\u3002\u76ae\u5c14\u65af\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7136\u3002\u5168\u7403\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u66f4\u66ff\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u4f7f\u5f97\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u91cf\u4fdd\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u51fa\u751f\u7387\uff0c\u4e3a\u6bcf\u5bf9\u592b\u5987\u751f\u80b22.3\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5b69\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u968f\u7740\u907f\u5b55\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u3001\u5987\u5973\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u51fa\u751f\u7387\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u964d\u4f4e\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6bcf\u5bf9\u592b\u5987\u751f\u80b25\u52306\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\uff1b\u52302008\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6570\u5b57\u964d\u4f4e\u5230\u4e862.6\u4e2a\u3002\u6309\u7167\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c2020\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u751f\u80b2\u7387\u5c31\u5c06\u4f4e\u4e8e\u66f4\u66ff\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76ae\u5c14\u65af\u5199\u9053\uff1a&ldquo;\u672a\u6765\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5c06\u5f88\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0b\u534a\u53f6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u5927\u793e\u4f1a\u8d8b\u52bf\uff1a\u751f\u80b2\u7387\u7684\u6025\u5267\u4e0b\u964d\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5987\u5973\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8d8b\u52bf\u663e\u7136\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u7684\u3002&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>\u76ae\u5c14\u65af\u6ca1\u6709\u63a9\u9970\u5982\u679c\u4e16\u754c\u4eba\u53e3\u8fc7\u5269\u6240\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u73af\u5883\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u4ece\u9aa8\u5b50\u91cc\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u4fdd\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u662f\u91cd\u89c6\u4eba\u7c7b\u66f4\u751a\u4e8e\u91cd\u89c6\u5730\u7403\u3002\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6700\u8d2b\u7a77\u768430\u4ebf\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u7ea6\u5360\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u768445%\uff0c\u5e94\u4e3a7%\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u800c\u90a3\u5927\u7ea65\u4ebf\u7684\u5bcc\u88d5\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u7ea6\u5360\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u76847%\uff0c\u5e94\u4e3a50%\u7684\u6392\u653e\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002&ldquo;\u540c\u660e\u5c3c\u82cf\u8fbe\u3001\u66fc\u5f7b\u65af\u7279\u6216\u8005\u6155\u5c3c\u9ed1\u7684\u4e00\u540d\u666e\u901a\u8db3\u7403\u5988\u5988\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u57c3\u585e\u4fc4\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7684\u4e00\u540d\u519c\u6751\u5987\u5973\u53ef\u4ee5\u670910\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u5979\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u7ed9\u5730\u7403\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u7834\u574f\u5374\u4f9d\u65e7\u8981\u5c0f\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4e5f\u66f4\u5c11\u3002&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u8fa9\u8bba\u9053\uff1a\u4eba\u53e3\u8fc7\u5269\u4e0d\u662f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6d88\u8017\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u786e\u5207\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6d88\u8017\u624d\u662f\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u4e00\u5982\u65e2\u5f80\u7684\u4e50\u89c2\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u76ae\u5c14\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u5371\u673a\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u53d1\u5c55\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u52302050\u5e74\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u78b3\u8db3\u8ff9\u964d\u4f4e80%\uff08\u6b63\u5982\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6240\u627f\u8bfa\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e66\u4e2d\u5404\u79cd\u5173\u4e8e\u4eba\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u4ee4\u76ae\u5c14\u65af\u7684\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e30\u5bcc\u591a\u5f69\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5b5f\u52a0\u62c9\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u7fa4\u7fa4\u5987\u5973\u3001\u8fd8\u662f\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u5b5f\u4e70\u8d2b\u6c11\u7a9f\u91cc\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u8d2d\u7f6e\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0\u7535\u89c6\u673a\u3001\u53c8\u6216\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e1c\u90e8\u7684\u9b3c\u57ce\u3001\u6216\u8005\u4fc4\u4ea5\u4fc4\u5dde\u7a81\u7136\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u9a6c\u91cc\u793e\u533a\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u4e00\u5ea6\u5bf9\u7ebd\u7ea6\u3001\u4f26\u6566\u7b49\u56fd\u9645\u5927\u90fd\u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a=\"\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.guardian.co.uk\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.guardian.co.uk<br \/>\n<\/a><br 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