{"id":40522,"date":"2011-01-19T11:11:00","date_gmt":"2011-01-19T11:11:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-22T22:58:37","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T22:58:37","slug":"40522","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/7\/40522\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e9f\u5f85\u51fa\u53f0\u70df\u5c18\u6cbb\u7406\u7b56\u7565"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u66fe\u7ecf\u4e0d\u8d77\u773c\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u7269&mdash;&ldquo;<span><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh\/%E7%82%AD%E9%BB%91\"><span><span>\u70ad\u9ed1<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>&rdquo;\u6b63\u9010\u6e10\u5f97\u5230\u5168\u7403\u51cf\u7f13\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8f6c\u53d8\u6216\u8bb8\u4f1a\u4f7f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u5bb6\u505a\u996d\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u4ee5\u53ca\u51c6\u5907\u8015\u79cd\u571f\u5730\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u53d7\u5230\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e8\u5728\u4e3a\u5730\u7403\u964d\u6e29\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u65b0\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u70ad\u9ed1\u5177\u6709\u5bfc\u81f4\u5317\u6781\u548c\u559c\u9a6c\u62c9\u96c5\u5730\u533a\u51b0\u96ea\u878d\u5316\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u81f4\u6696\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u6fc0\u53d1\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6b64\u7c7b\u6392\u653e\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u8fdb\u884c\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6b27\u4e9a\u5730\u533a\u519c\u7528\u8015\u5730\u7684\u9732\u5929\u711a\u70e7\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u5317\u6781\u5730\u533a\u70ad\u9ed1\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u8bc1\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e9a\u6d32\u5404\u5730\u4eba\u4eec\u4e3a\u4e86\u70e7\u996d\u548c\u53d6\u6696\u800c\u71c3\u70e7\u7684\u7164\u70ad\u3001\u6728\u6750\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u5b83\u751f\u7269\u71c3\u6599\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6392\u653e\u5bf9\u559c\u9a6c\u62c9\u96c5\u5730\u533a\u4e5f\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u70ad\u9ed1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5316\u5b66\u9897\u7c92\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u9274\u4e8e\u5176<span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldwatch.org\/node\/6157\"><span><span>\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u5065\u5eb7\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u90fd\u88ab\u5f53\u505a\u4e00\u79cd\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u800c\u5907\u53d7\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u5374\u80fd\u591f\u964d\u4f4e\u51b0\u96ea\u7684\u53cd\u5c04\u7387\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u70ed\u91cf\u7684\u5438\u6536\uff0c\u52a0\u5feb\u5176\u8868\u9762\u7684\u878d\u5316\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u70ad\u9ed1\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fc5\u901f\u633d\u6551\u5317\u6781\u548c\u559c\u9a6c\u62c9\u96c5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u51b0\u96ea\u5c42\u3002\u7ecf\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u5c24\u4e3a\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5168\u7403\u800c\u8a00\u5177\u6709\u4e3e\u8db3\u8f7b\u91cd\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5317\u6781\u51b0\u7684\u878d\u5316\u4f7f\u5730\u7403\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u82e5\u5e72\u5371\u9669\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u592a\u9633\u5165\u5c04\u8f90\u5c04\u53cd\u5c04\u56de\u592a\u7a7a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5730\u533a\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u5730\u7403<span><a href=\"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/news.asp?idnews=46462\"><span><span>\u51b7\u5374\u673a\u5236<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5317\u6781\u51b0\u7684\u878d\u5316\u4f1a\u4f7f\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u906d\u5230\u7834\u574f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5317\u6781\u51b0\u7684\u878d\u5316\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d77\u6c34\u76d0\u5ea6\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u6d77\u6d0b\u73af\u6d41\u9020\u6210\u5e72\u6270\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u683c\u9675\u5170\u5c9b\u7684\u51b0\u5ddd\u5982\u679c\u878d\u5316\uff0c\u5176\u6240\u51dd\u7ed3\u7684\u51b0\u6c34\u8db3\u4ee5\u4f7f\u6d77\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u5347\u8fbe<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh-cn\/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2%E4%B8%8A%E5%8D%87\">7<span><span>\u7c73<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u4e4b\u591a\u3002\u968f\u7740\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u5317\u6781\u51b0\u707e\u96be\u6027\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u5176\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u65ad<a href=\"https:\/\/nsidc.org\/news\/press\/20070430_StroeveGRL.html\"><span><span>\u52a0\u5feb<\/span><\/span><\/a>\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u6c14\u5019\u6a21\u578b\u6240\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u90a3\u4e9b\u60c5\u5883\u6b63\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u771f\u5b9e\u5730\u5c55\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u773c\u524d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5317\u6781\u6b63\u4ee5\u5730\u7403\u5176\u5b83\u5730\u533a\u4e24\u5230\u4e09\u500d\u7684\u901f\u5ea6<span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article.cfm?id=sea-ice-arctic-warming\"><span><span>\u5347<span>\u6e29<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>\u3002\u800c\u5176\u4e0d\u65ad\u5347\u9ad8\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u63a8\u52a8\u5168\u7403\u8d70\u5411&ldquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/article\/show\/single\/ch\/3047-The-tipping-point\"><span><span>\u4e34\u754c\u70b9<\/span><\/span><\/a>&rdquo;\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5bfc\u81f4\u5168\u7403\u5feb\u901f\u53d8\u6696\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f15\u53d1\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u636e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/ngeo\/journal\/v2\/n4\/abs\/ngeo473.html\">2009<span><span>\u5e74\u300a\u5730\u7403\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u79f0\uff0c\u8be5\u5730\u533a1890\u5e74\u81f3\u4eca\u6240\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u76841.9\u6444\u6c0f\u5ea6\u6e29\u5347\u4e2d\uff0c\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u670950%\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7531\u70ad\u9ed1\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u70ad\u9ed1\u8fd8\u5bf9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u5168\u7403\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5730\u533a&mdash;&mdash;\u559c\u9a6c\u62c9\u96c5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u51b0\u5ddd\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5730\u533a\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c&ldquo;<span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/debate\/show\/9-the-third-pole\"><span><span>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6781<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>&rdquo;\u6216&ldquo;\u4e9a\u6d32\u7684\u6c34\u5854&rdquo;\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6cb3\u6d41\u63d0\u4f9b\u7740\u6c34\u6e90\u8865\u7ed9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6cb3\u6d41\u4e2d\u6709\u6052\u6cb3\u3001\u957f\u6c5f\u3001\u9ec4\u6cb3\u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e3a10\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7ea615\u4ebf\u4eba\u53e3\u63d0\u4f9b\u7740\u996e\u7528\u6c34\u548c\u704c\u6e89\u7528\u6c34\u3002\u636e\u300a\u5927\u6c14\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u4eca\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u7814\u7a76<a href=\"https:\/\/www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net\/9\/26593\/2009\/acpd-9-26593-2009.html\"><span><span>\u4f30\u8ba1<\/span><\/span><\/a>\uff0c1990\u5e74\u52302000\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u559c\u9a6c\u62c9\u96c5\u6d88\u5931\u7684\u51b0\u76d6\u4e2d\u6709\u5927\u7ea610%\u662f\u70ad\u9ed1\u7684\u6392\u653e\u6240\u81f4\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4e2d\u7ea636%\u7684\u70ad\u9ed1\u6392\u653e\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u7164\u70ad\u53ca\u751f\u7269\u71c3\u6599\u7684\u71c3\u70e7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u4e0e\u5168\u7403\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u6696\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u66fe\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u662f\u504f\u79bb\u4e86\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u7684\u603b\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u53ca\u51cf\u6392\u7684\u5b97\u65e8\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u70ad\u9ed1\u7b49\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a<span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.co.uk\/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;cd=6&amp;ved=0CDgQFjAF&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anthc.org%2Fcs%2Fdehe%2Fsustops%2Fupload%2FShort-Lived-Climate-Forcers-for-Alaska-11-05-09.ppt&amp;ei=2Rb-TPiAHpOahQfMs6niCw&amp;usg=AFQjCNFVS5S-fHVbFgaWGhYe2eNonDEKKw&amp;sig2=o6s72XA\"><span><span>\u77ed\u671f\u6c14\u5019\u523a\u6fc0\u56e0\u7d20<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u4e0d\u65ad\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8054\u7cfb\u6700\u7ec8\u7ad9\u5728\u4e86\u6c14\u5019\u653f\u7b56\u4e89\u8bba\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u6765\u90fd\u672a\u80fd\u5bf9\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u5236\u5b9a\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u5168\u7403\u6027\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u80cc\u666f\u4e5f\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u5fc3\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u8f6c\u79fb\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5177\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u533a\u57df\u9879\u76ee\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u964d\u4f4e\u70ad\u9ed1\u6392\u653e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u77ed\u671f\u5185\u9650\u5236\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u5347\u9ad8\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5728<span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/climate\/2008\/0812\/full\/climate.2008.122.html\"><span><span>\u5927\u6c14\u4e2d\u7684\u7559\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>\u8f83\u957f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u77ed\u671f\u5185\u8fbe\u5230\u9650\u5236\u6e29\u5ea6\u5347\u9ad8\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002 \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u70ad\u9ed1\u8fd8\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e9b\u5feb\u901f\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51cf\u6392\u76ee\u6807\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u90fd\u8ba9\u70ad\u9ed1\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5177\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u6cbb\u7406\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a<span><a href=\"https:\/\/nsidc.org\/arcticmet\/glossary\/arctic_front.html\"><span><span>\u5317\u6781\u950b<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u6c14\u5019\u7684\u5b63\u8282\u6027\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u6b27\u4e9a\u5927\u9646\u5730\u533a\u51ac\u672b\u65e9\u6625\u65f6\u8282\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u9732\u5929\u711a\u70e7\u5e72\u8349\u548c\u79f8\u79c6\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u70df\u5c18\u51e0\u4e4e\u5168\u90e8\u5411\u5317\u6269\u6563\u5230\u4e86\u5317\u6781\uff0c\u70df\u5c18\u4e2d\u7684\u9897\u7c92\u98d8\u843d\u5728\u51b0\u96ea\u7684\u8868\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u3001\u54c8\u8428\u514b\u65af\u5766\u3001\u8499\u53e4\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u897f\u5317\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u5728\u5185\u7684<span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldpreservationfoundation.org\/external.php?title=International%20Meeting%20on%20Open%20Burning%20and%20the%20Arctic:%20Causes,%20Impacts,%20and%20Mitigation%20Approaches&amp;exturl=http%253A\/\/www.bellona.org\/fires-and-the-arctic\/&amp;cat=climate\"><span><span>\u6b27\u4e9a\u5927\u9646\u5317\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u7684\u9732\u5929\u711a\u70e7\u73b0\u8c61<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>\u662f\u5317\u6781\u70ad\u9ed1\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u8282\uff0c\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u7531\u4e8e\u70ad\u9ed1\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u5347\u9ad8\u751a\u81f3\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u7684<span><a href=\"https:\/\/jisao.washington.edu\/research\/bios\/doherty_sarah.html\"><span><span>\u838e\u62c9&middot;<\/span><span>\u591a\u54c8\u8482<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>\u901a\u8fc7\u91c7\u6837\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u8986\u76d6\u5728\u5317\u6781\u79ef\u96ea\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u70ad\u9ed1\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u662f\u6b27\u4e9a\u5730\u533a\u71c3\u70e7\u751f\u7269\u71c3\u6599\u6240\u81f4\u3002\u5341\u4e00\u6708\u4efd\u5728\u5723\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u5979\u63d0\u9192\u8bf4\uff0c\u70df\u5c18\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u9897\u7c92\u7269\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u964d\u6e29\u6548\u5e94\u5177\u6709&ldquo;\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027&rdquo;\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6291\u5236\u70ad\u9ed1\u5bf9\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u9020\u6210\u7684\u6696\u5316\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u591a\u54c8\u8482\u8fd8\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6b27\u4e9a\u5730\u533a\u751f\u7269\u71c3\u6599\u7684\u71c3\u70e7\u5c06\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u77ed\u671f\u5185\u5bf9\u51cf\u7f13\u5317\u6781\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u6696\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63a7\u5236\u9732\u5929\u711a\u70e7\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u53ca\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5747\u660e\u4ee4\u7981\u6b62\u519c\u6c11\u4ee5\u711a\u70e7\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\u5783\u573e\u3001\u8fdb\u884c\u571f\u58e4\u57f9\u80a5\u3001\u53ca\u6d88\u706d\u7530\u4e2d\u5bb3\u866b\u7b49\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7981\u4ee4\u5374\u96be\u89c1\u6210\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u975e\u8425\u5229\u7ec4\u7ec7&mdash;\u51c0\u5316\u7a7a\u6c14\u4efb\u52a1\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u5176<span>2009\u5e745\u6708\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u4efd<a href=\"https:\/\/www.catf.us\/resources\/publications\/files\/Agricultural_Fires_and_Arctic_Climate_Change.pdf\"><span><span>\u62a5\u544a<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>\u4e2d\u66fe\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u9053\uff1a&nbsp;&ldquo;\u4e3a\u4e86\u964d\u4f4e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6625\u5b63\u7684\u70ad\u9ed1\u6392\u653e\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u6e05\u9664\u519c\u4f5c\u7269\u79f8\u79c6\u3002&rdquo;\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u6b63\u5728\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u66ff\u4ee3\u6027\u7406\u5ff5\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c06\u79f8\u79c6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u80fd\u6e90\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u6392\u653e\u3002\u800c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7406\u5ff5\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5783\u573e\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u53d8\u4e3a\u80a5\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\uff0c\u7f55\u89c1\u7684\u590f\u5b63\u9ad8\u6e29\u548c\u5e72\u65f1\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86<span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.guardian.co.uk\/world\/2010\/aug\/06\/russia-fires-moscow\"><span><span>\u68ee\u6797\u5927\u706b<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>\uff0c\u541e\u566c\u4e86\u5927\u7247\u7684\u68ee\u6797\uff0c\u711a\u6bc1\u4e8630\u5ea7\u6751\u9547\u3002\u5927\u706b\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u70df\u3001\u96fe\u3001\u53ca\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u5341\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u800c\u6d88\u9632\u653f\u7b56\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u3002\u53d7\u6c14\u5019\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u590f\u5b63\u706b\u707e\u5bf9\u5317\u6781\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4ece\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u800c\u8a00\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0e\u6625\u5b63\u5927\u706b\u76f8\u6bd4\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u8bc4\u8bba\u5bb6\u4f9d\u7136\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u666e\u904d\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5728\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u63a7\u5236\u706b\u60c5\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a7\u5236\u6625\u5b63\u706b\u707e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u79f0\uff0c\u514b\u6797\u59c6\u6797\u5bab\u76ee\u524d\u6b63\u5bf9\u66fe\u5728<span>2007\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u6797\u4e1a\u6cd5\u89c4\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6838\uff0c\u53d6\u6d88\u4e86\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u68ee\u6797\u4fdd\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u8d4b\u4e88\u5404\u5730\u65b9\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u91cd\u5927\u53d8\u5316\u5c31\u662f\u7ed9\u4e88\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u73af\u4fdd\u56e2\u4f53<a href=\"https:\/\/enpi-info.eu\/maineast.php?id=23182&amp;id_type=1&amp;lang_id=450\"><span><span>\u4f18\u5148\u6743<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u538b\u529b\u4e5f\u8feb\u4f7f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u5458\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u706b\u707e\u9ad8\u53d1\u5b63\u8282\u6765\u4e34\u65f6\u53ca\u65f6\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span>\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6cd5\u89c4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u964d\u4f4e\u5f71\u54cd\u559c\u9a6c\u62c9\u96c5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u70ad\u9ed1\u6392\u653e\u6240\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u5219\u5148\u884c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fd\u9645\u53d1\u5c55\u9879\u76ee\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u5173\u6ce8\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u4eba\u4eec\u914d\u9001\u80fd\u6548\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u53a8\u7076\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u6392\u653e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6ce2\u53ca\u9762\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u70ad\u9ed1\u6392\u653e\u5c06\u968f\u7740\u4e9a\u6d32\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\u7ee7\u7eed\u589e\u957f\u7684\u9884\u671f\u90fd\u5c06\u963b\u788d\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u6709\u6548\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684<span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tpe.ac.cn\/\"><span><span>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6781\u73af\u5883<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5c31\u9488\u5bf9\u8bb8\u591a\u5f85\u89e3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5982\u5173\u4e8e\u6392\u653e\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u53ca\u5176\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f53\u5730\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\u5e94\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5730\u533a\u7740\u91cd\u6df1\u5165\u5f00\u5c55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7b49\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u7740\u624b\u5e94\u5bf9\u6b27\u4e9a\u5730\u533a\u711a\u70e7\u6742\u8349\u548c\u79f8\u79c6\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u5f71\u54cd\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u66f4\u6bcb\u5eb8\u8bf4\u7531\u4e8e\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u8bb8\u591a\u7406\u8bba\u7f3a\u53e3\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u653f\u7b56\u5c42\u9762\u7ed9\u51fa\u6709\u6548\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5883\u5185\u79cd\u690d\u7684\u4f5c\u7269\u79cd\u7c7b\u53ca\u79cd\u690d\u9762\u79ef\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7b49\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5404\u56fd\u662f\u5426\u613f\u610f\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u4e5f\u8fd8\u662f\u4e2a\u672a\u77e5\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u8303\u56f4\u91cc\u8fd8\u662f\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u867d\u7136\u300a\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u6846\u67b6\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u4e2d\u5e76\u672a\u5305\u62ec\u70ad\u9ed1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u5374\u5355\u72ec\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u516c\u7ea6\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4e3a\u51cf\u7f13\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u5236\u8ba2\u51cf\u6392\u653f\u7b56\u3002<span>12\u6708\uff0c\uff08\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6b27\u6d32\u7ecf\u6d4e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e0b\u5c5e\u7684\uff09\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.unece.org\/env\/lrtap\/\"><span><span>\u8fdc<\/span><span>\u8ddd\u79bb\u8d8a\u5883\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u516c\u7ea6<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>\u300b\u540c\u610f\u4e8e2011\u5e74\u4fee\u6539\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u6b3e\uff0c\u5c06\u70ad\u9ed1\u53ca\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u548c\u7532\u70f7\u7b49\u5176\u5b83\u77ed\u671f\u6c14\u5019\u523a\u6fc0\u56e0\u7d20\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3e\u63aa\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u9996\u4e2a\u4e3a\u5e94\u5bf9\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u6548\u5e94\u800c\u5236\u5b9a\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u6b27\u6d32\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u90fd\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u8be5\u516c\u7ea6\u7684\u7b7e\u7f72\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5374\u5728\u6765\u5e74\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8ba1\u5212\u4e2d\u660e\u786e\u8868\u793a\u8981\u5236\u8ba2\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u653f\u7b56\u6240\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u5730\u533a\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u516c\u7ea6\u6240\u6db5\u76d6\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u53ca\u591a\u5bb6\u8457\u540d\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u90fd\u9488\u5bf9\u70ad\u9ed1\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u3001\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u964d\u4f4e\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4e8e<span>2011\u516c\u5e03\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u52a0\u6df1\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u8005\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u591f\u968f\u540e\u5c3d\u5feb\u63a8\u51fa\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u81f4\u884c\u52a8\u3002<br 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