{"id":41428,"date":"2012-07-12T14:01:00","date_gmt":"2012-07-12T14:01:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-22T23:03:48","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T23:03:48","slug":"41428","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/6\/41428\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7eff\u8272\u74dc\u5206\uff1a\u4fb5\u5360\u81ea\u7136\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u8de8\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff08TNI<\/strong><strong>\uff09\uff1a&ldquo;\u7eff\u8272\u74dc\u5206&rdquo;\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<br \/>\n<\/strong><br \/>\n\u6885\u4e3d\u838e&middot;\u91cc\u5947\uff08ML\uff09\uff1a\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bcd\u6c47\u7684\u662f<a href=\"https:\/\/www.guardian.co.uk\/environment\/2008\/feb\/13\/conservation\">\u300a\u536b\u62a5\u300b\u8bb0\u8005\u7ea6\u7ff0&middot;\u7ef4\u8fbe<\/a>\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u6240\u80fd\u89c1\u5230\u7684\u6240\u6709\u51fa\u552e\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u90fd\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7eff\u8272\u74dc\u5206\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u591a\u79cd\u591a\u6837\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b83\u5316\u8eab\u4e3a\u5404\u79cd\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u975e\u6d32\u91ce\u751f\u52a8\u7269\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u63d0\u51fa\u7684&ldquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/adopt.nature.org\/acre\/africa\/\">\u4e00\u82f1\u4ea9\u8ba4\u517b<\/a>&rdquo;\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5373\u4f60\u6bcf\u6350\u732e50\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u70ed\u5e26\u7a00\u6811\u5927\u8349\u539f\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u4f53\u73b0\u4e3a\u751f\u6001\u65c5\u6e38\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5371\u5730\u9a6c\u62c9\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u6784\u5c06\u519b\u65b9\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u6784\u548c\u751f\u6001\u65c5\u6e38\u516c\u53f8\u62c9\u5230\u4e00\u5757\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a&ldquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maya_Biosphere_Reserve\">\u739b\u96c5\u4e3b\u9898\u5ea6\u5047\u80dc\u5730<\/a>&rdquo;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b&ldquo;\u51fa\u552e\u81ea\u7136\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u5b83&rdquo;\u3002\u652f\u6301\u8005\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u590d\u522b\u5904\u7684\u635f\u4f24\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u68ee\u6797\u3001\u91ce\u751f\u52a8\u7269\u3001\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff0c\u62b5\u5236\u6c61\u67d3\u3002\u5728\u4eca\u5e746\u6708\u91cc\u7ea620+\u5cf0\u4f1a\u524d\u5915\uff0c\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u7684\u5f3a\u8c03\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5bfc\u53e3\u53f7\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u627e\u5bf9\u7eff\u8272\u6295\u8d44\u7684\u8def\u5b50\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4fdd\u62a4\u73af\u5883\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u53cc\u8d62\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u79cd\u6295\u8d44\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u57fa\u7840\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/toc\/fjps20\/39\/2\">\u6700\u65b0\u4e00\u671f<\/a>\u7684\u300a\u519c\u6c11\u7814\u7a76\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4e2a\u6848\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6240\u603b\u7ed3\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u5ff5\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\u5e38\u5e38\u53d8\u6210\u4e86&ldquo;\u7eff\u8272\u74dc\u5206&rdquo;\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u6258\u7ba1\u4eba\u624b\u4e2d\u628a\u8d44\u6e90\u593a\u8fc7\u6765\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u5728\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4e89\u593a\u80cc\u666f\u4e2d\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4eba\u4eec\u7528&ldquo;\u7eff\u8272&rdquo;\u51ed\u8bc1\u6765\u8ba9\u571f\u5730\u4fb5\u5360\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7cae\u98df\u6216\u71c3\u6599\uff0c\u6700\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/article\/show\/single\/en\/1370\">\u751f\u7269\u71c3\u6599<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7eff\u8272\u74dc\u5206\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5f7b\u5e95\u5265\u593a\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u4e3b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6743\uff0c\u4f46\u5fc5\u7136\u6539\u53d8\u8d44\u6e90\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u5229\u7528\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6743\uff0c\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e0e\u5265\u593a\u6240\u6709\u6743\u4e5f\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u7279\u520a\u91cc\u7528&ldquo;\u7eff\u8272\u74dc\u5206&rdquo;\u4e00\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e3a\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u6848\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u571f\u5730\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u9a71\u52a8\u8005\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u6784\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u662f\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u751f\u7269\u78b3\u9694\u79bb\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u751f\u6001\u8865\u507f\u8fd8\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u522b\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n<strong><br \/>\nTNI<\/strong><strong>\uff1a\u80fd\u4e3e\u51e0\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u4e0b\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u5417?<br \/>\n<\/strong><br \/>\nML\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7279\u520a\u300a\u7eff\u8272\u74dc\u5206\uff1a\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u65b0\u4fb5\u5360\uff1f\u300b\u91cc\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u89e6\u76ee\u60ca\u5fc3\u7684\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u68ee\u6797\u78b3\u7684\uff0c\u5373&ldquo;\u51cf\u5c11\u780d\u4f10\u68ee\u6797\u548c\u68ee\u6797\u9000\u5316\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u6392\u653e&rdquo;\uff08 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.un-redd.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">REDD&nbsp;and REDD+<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u52a8\u65e8\u5728\u4fdd\u62a4\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u68ee\u6797\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u7684\u6811\u6728\u79cd\u690d\u56ed\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u56fa\u78b3\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u65f6\u5374\u610f\u5473\u7740\u9650\u5236\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u571f\u5730\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u51ef\u62c9&middot;\u8482\u6069\u54c8\u62c9\u4e3e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u6570\u5e74\u524d\u4e00\u5bb6\u82f1\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u5229\u6bd4\u91cc\u4e9a\u8c08\u5224\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u6536\u8d2d40\u4e07\u516c\u9877\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u5904\u5973\u6797\u5730\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fd9\u5757\u571f\u5730\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u4eba\u4eec\u7528\u4f5c\u519c\u4e1a\u4f11\u8015\u5730\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u73af\u5883\u7528\u9014\u3002\u51b5\u4e14\u8fd9\u6869\u571f\u5730\u4ea4\u6613\u5bf9\u5f53\u5730\u793e\u533a\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u76ca\u5904\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u73af\u4fdd\u6d3b\u52a8\u8005\u62a2\u5360\u5148\u673a\u3001\u8868\u660e\u5176\u6709\u5bb3\u65e0\u76ca\uff0c\u8fd9\u6869\u4ea4\u6613\u6700\u7ec8\u6d41\u4ea7\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ea4\u6613\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u6b64\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6234\u5b89\u5a1c&middot;\u5965\u5409\u8fbe\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u63ed\u5f00\u4e86\u6cf0\u7f57\u7eb3\u56fd\u5bb6\u516c\u56ed\u7684\u9ed1\u5e55\u3002\u8fd9\u5ea7\u516c\u56ed\u4f4d\u4e8e\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7684\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u6cbf\u5cb8\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u751f\u6001\u65c5\u6e38\u5f00\u53d1\u80cc\u540e\u4ea4\u7ec7\u7740\u72af\u7f6a\u3001\u6392\u65a5\uff0c\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\u5728\u6b64\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u88ab\u5f3a\u884c\u8d76\u8d70\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u51c6\u519b\u4e8b\u96c6\u56e2\u5229\u7528\u66b4\u529b\u548c\u5a01\u80c1\u624b\u6bb5\u5c06\u516c\u56ed\u5730\u533a&ldquo;\u6e05\u7406&rdquo;\u5e72\u51c0\uff0c\u4e3a\u6e38\u5ba2\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u5f00\u8def\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u516c\u56ed\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u88ab\u79c1\u6709\u5316\uff0c\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e00\u5bb6\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u65c5\u6e38\u516c\u53f8\u7ecf\u8425\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u90fd\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u8fd0\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u89c6\u5f53\u5730\u73af\u5883\u3001\u571f\u5730\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u519c\u4e1a\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5386\u53f2\u6e0a\u6e90\u548c\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fde\u73af\u5883\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e5f\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u50cf&ldquo;\u7eff\u8272&rdquo;\u5e02\u573a\u6240\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0e\u68d5\u6988\u79cd\u690d\u56ed\u76f8\u4f34\u800c\u6765\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u6742\u8349\u548c\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u3002<br \/>\n<strong><br \/>\nTNI<\/strong><strong>\uff1a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u9a71\u52a8\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u7eff\u8272\u74dc\u5206\uff1f<br \/>\n<\/strong><br 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\/>\n<b><br 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\/>\n<b><br \/>\nTNI<\/b><strong>\uff1a&ldquo;\u7eff\u8272\u7ecf\u6d4e&rdquo;\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d8\u9769\u5417\uff1f\u8fd8\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u8d70\u8fdb\u6b7b\u80e1\u540c\uff1f<br \/>\n<\/strong><br 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href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/toc\/fjps20\/39\/2\">\u7eff\u8272\u74dc\u5206\uff1a\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u65b0\u4fb5\u5360\uff1f<\/a>\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u9996\u53d1\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tni.org\/interview\/green-grabbing\">\u8de8\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/a>\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u672c\u7ad9\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5e76\u8f6c\u8f7d\u3002\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/toc\/fjps20\/current\">\u519c\u6c11\u7814\u7a76\u6742\u5fd7<\/a>\u300b\u7531\u8de8\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u6731\u6069&middot;\u6ce2\u62c9\u65af\u4e3b\u7f16\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u5947\u82b3<\/p>\n<p>\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tni.org\/interview\/green-grabbing\">the Transnational 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