{"id":42264,"date":"2014-04-10T07:06:00","date_gmt":"2014-04-10T07:06:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-22T23:08:31","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T23:08:31","slug":"42264","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/5\/42264\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u201c\u98df\u7269\u4e3b\u6743\u201d\u4e27\u5931\u5f15\u53d1\u8b66\u60d5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u80b2\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u3001\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u4f5c\u7269\u548c\u5927\u578b\u79cd\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6392\u6324\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u54c1\u79cd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6ca1\u6709\u5e02\u573a\u5b9a\u4ef7\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5e02\u573a\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece2003\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u519c\u4e1a\u653f\u7b56\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u5b8b\u4e00\u9752\u548c\u56e2\u961f\u591a\u6b21\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u897f\u5357\u7684\u5e7f\u897f\u3001\u4e91\u5357\u548c\u8d35\u5dde\u4e09\u7701\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5c71\u533a\u5f53\u5730\u79cd\u5b50\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3002\u5979\u5bf9\u4e2d\u5916\u5bf9\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u79cd\u968f\u7740\u5546\u4e1a\u79cd\u5b50\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u5931\u4e86&mdash;&mdash;\u5728\u4e91\u5357\u5b9d\u5c71\u7684\u77f3\u5934\u57ce\uff0c\u6751\u91cc\u4ee5\u524d\u5927\u91cf\u79cd\u690d\u9752\u7a1e\u5927\u9ea6\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e24\u6237\u4eba\u5bb6\u79cd\u9752\u7a1e\uff0c\u5927\u9ea6\u5219\u53ea\u5269\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c1\u79cd\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u5730\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5b83\u917f\u9152\u624d\u4fdd\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u519c\u6c11\u4ee5\u524d\u5403\u83dc\u7c7d\u6cb9\uff0c\u5728\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u6696\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u83dc\u7c7d\u690d\u682a\u5f00\u59cb\u5927\u91cf\u751f\u866b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6d12\u66f4\u591a\u519c\u836f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5408\u7b97\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u4fbf\u5927\u591a\u653e\u5f03\u79cd\u690d\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u8fd9\u91cc\u666e\u904d\u79cd\u690d\u7684\u662f\u5c0f\u9ea6\u3001\u6742\u4ea4\u7389\u7c73\u548c\u6c34\u7a3b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b8b\u4e00\u9752\u8bf4\uff0c\u79cd\u5b50\u662f\u6d3b\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u81ea\u6211\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u4e2d\u751f\u5b58\uff0c\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u6709\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u9002\u5e94\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u65b0\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u57fa\u56e0\u5e93\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\u65e0\u6cd5\u66ff\u4ee3\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\u6d88\u5931\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u54c1\u79cd\u662f\u9002\u5e94\u5f53\u5730\u6c14\u5019\u7684\uff0c\u5546\u4e1a\u79cd\u5b50\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u9002\u5e94\u5f53\u5730\u6c14\u5019\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b8b\u4e00\u9752\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u6027\u79cd\u5b50\u91c7\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u548c\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u4eb2\u672c\uff08\u7528\u4e8e\u6742\u4ea4\u7684\u6bcd\u672c\u548c\u7236\u672c\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6742\u4ea4\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6742\u4ea4\u54c1\u79cd\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u57fa\u7840\u72ed\u7a84\u3002\u79cd\u8d28\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c0f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5979\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e94\u8be5\u51fa\u73b0\u66f4\u591a\u50cf\u6cb3\u5317<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.sina.com.cn\/s\/blog_6491c27e01018hxy.html\">&ldquo;\u4e00\u58a9\u9752&rdquo;<\/a>\u9a6c\u94c3\u85af\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u519c\u4e1a\u54c1\u79cd\u54c1\u724c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u58a9\u9752\u662f\u6cb3\u5317\u7701\u6000\u5b89\u53bf\u79cd\u690d\u4e8640\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u9a6c\u94c3\u85af\u54c1\u79cd\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u7531\u4e8e\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86\u54c1\u79cd\u6539\u826f\uff0c\u5e76\u575a\u6301\u4e0d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4efb\u4f55\u5316\u5b66\u836f\u5242\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u673a\u79cd\u690d\uff0c\u5728\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u535a\u89c8\u4f1a\u4e0a\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u826f\u597d\u7684\u58f0\u8a89\u3002<a>\u6b63\u662f<\/a>\u56e0\u4e3a\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u5df1\u7559\u79cd\u80b2\u79cd\u3001\u638c\u63a7\u9a6c\u94c3\u85af\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u7e41\u80b2\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9760\u7740&ldquo;\u4e00\u58a9\u9752&rdquo;\u9a6c\u94c3\u85af\u54c1\u79cd\uff0c\u5f53\u5730\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u793a\u8303\u519c\u573a&mdash;&mdash;\u4e00\u58a9\u9752\u6000\u5b89\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u793a\u8303\u519c\u573a\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u5305\u62ec&ldquo;\u4e00\u58a9\u9752&rdquo;\u571f\u8c46\u5728\u5185\u7684\u6709\u673a\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u6751\u6c11\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ee5\u4e00\u58a9\u9752\u4e3a\u540d\uff0c\u5728\u6c11\u653f\u5c40\u6ce8\u518c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c11\u95f4\u7ec4\u7ec7&mdash;&mdash;\u4e00\u58a9\u9752\u519c\u6751\u53d1\u5c55\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63a8\u5e7f\u548c\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u54c1\u79cd\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f53\u5730\u54c1\u79cd\u4e89\u53d6\u4e86\u9a6c\u94c3\u85af\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u5b9a\u4ef7\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e02\u573a\u8d29\u552e\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u5546\u4e1a\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u4ea7\u91cf\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6297\u5012\u4f0f\u3001\u6297\u866b\u7b49\u6539\u826f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u4eb2\u7750\u8fc5\u901f\u5360\u9886\u5e02\u573a\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u636e\u9752\u5c9b\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u738b\u6bbf\u7eaf\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\uff0c\u79cd\u4e1a\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u79cd\u5b5099%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u6742\u4ea4\u79cd\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7e41\u6b96\u3002\u519c\u6c11\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u65ad\u4e70\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u79cd\u690d\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6743\u5229\u548c\u5229\u76ca\u53d7\u5230\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u591f\u6539\u826f\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u79cd\u5b50\u4e3b\u6743\u3002\u5b83\u548c\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u5b9a\u4ef7\u6743\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u5e94\u8be5\u4eab\u6709\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5229\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5b8b\u4e00\u9752\u5bf9\u4e2d\u5916\u5bf9\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u8fd9\u79cd\u72ec\u6709\u7684\u6743\u5229\u6b63\u5728\u4e27\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u751f\u6001\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u79cd\u5b50\u8fd8\u7275\u6d89\u5230\u6587\u5316\u4f20\u627f\u7b49\u793e\u4f1a\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u7559\u79cd\u3001\u80b2\u79cd\uff0c\u90fd\u63ba\u6742\u7740\u519c\u6751\u7684\u8015\u79cd\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u662f\u519c\u6751\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5982\u5b8b\u4e00\u9752\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c&ldquo;\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u548c\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3001\u5c0f\u519c\u751f\u8ba1\u591a\u6837\u6027\u662f\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u7684\uff0c\u5c0f\u519c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4ea4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u3002&rdquo;\u4fdd\u62a4\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u519c\u6c11\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u8003\u8651\u519c\u6c11\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6301\u7eed\u8f6c\u627f\u548c\u521b\u65b0\u8005\u7684\u591a\u5143\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79cd\u5b50\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u7533\u8bc9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u624d\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u65e9\u57282011\u5e74\uff0c\u6570\u5343\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u66fe\u53d1\u8d77<a href=\"https:\/\/gmwatch.org\/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=13358\">&ldquo;\u5b5f\u5c71\u90fd\u6eda\u51fa\u5370\u5ea6\u65e5&rdquo;<\/a>\uff0c\u6e38\u884c\u634d\u536b\u98df\u7269\u548c\u79cd\u5b50\u4e3b\u6743\uff0c\u62b5\u5236\u5927\u516c\u53f8\u5f3a\u884c\u63a5\u7ba1\u519c\u4e1a\u3002\u5b5f\u5c71\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/link?url=U6TmpRd_BpOaZk_9uQxdvi-wCvAjXfjlaX_lI-rE3QAi5q9vMTGwhYJbdRjuYmu_eWGSW1VWM_RH8F-6YEy7Xa\">\u8de8\u56fd\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u7269\u6280\u672f\u516c\u53f8<\/a>\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0 (GE) \u79cd\u5b50\u7684\u9886\u5148\u751f\u4ea7\u5546\uff0c\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u519c\u4f5c\u7269\u79cd\u5b5070%&ndash;100%\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u4efd\u989d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8be5\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u73af\u5883\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bb6\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6Vandana Shiva\uff0c\u66fe\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/indepth\/opinion\/2012\/02\/201224152439941847.html\">\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d<\/a>\u8bf4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5927\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6269\u5f20\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7e41\u6b96\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u79cd\u5b50\u66f4\u52a0\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u4e13\u5229\u4fdd\u62a4\u6cd5\u7684\u51fa\u53f0\uff0c\u4e5f\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e86\u80b2\u79cd\u8005\u62e5\u6709\u5bf9\u79cd\u5b50\u7684\u4e13\u5229\u6743\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6cd5\u5f8b\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u80b2\u79cd\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u7559\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u5e74\u90fd\u8981\u82b1\u8d39\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u8d39\u7528\u53bb\u4e70\u79cd\u5b50\u548c\u519c\u836f\u7b49\uff0c\u519c\u4e1a\u6295\u5165\u589e\u52a0\u6536\u76ca\u5374\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u538b\u529b\u5f88\u5927\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/books\/6018-India-s-farmer-suicides-the-women-left-behind\/ch\">\u81ea\u6740\u7387\u4e00\u8def\u98d9\u5347<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;\u79cd\u5b50\u4e3b\u6743\u662f\u98df\u7269\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u6839\u57fa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u519c\u6c11\u6ca1\u6709\u79cd\u5b50\u4e3b\u6743\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86\u98df\u7269\u4e3b\u6743\u3002&rdquo; Vandana 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href=\"https:\/\/www.nfcmag.com\/article\/4256.html\">\u98df\u7269\u4e3b\u6743\u8ba8\u8bba<\/a>\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u53d1\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5979\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u8bb0\u8005\u91c7\u8bbf\u65f6\u8bf4\uff0c\u5927\u8c46\u5371\u673a\u9996\u5148\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u7cae\u98df\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u5371\u673a\u30022012\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u8c4680%\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u91cf\u4e3a\u8fdb\u53e3\u7684\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u5927\u8c46\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u4ea7\u5927\u8c46\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u5f3a\u52bf\u9a71\u9010\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u8c46\u4e3b\u4ea7\u533a\u9ed1\u9f99\u6c5f\u7701\uff0c\u5927\u8c46\u64ad\u79cd\u9762\u79ef\u4ece2010\u5e74\u76846470\u4e07\u4ea9\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u5230\u4e862012\u5e74\u7684\u4e0d\u8db34000\u4e07\u4ea9\u3002\u56fd\u4ea7\u975e\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u5927\u8c46\u5e02\u573a\u88ab\u6324\u538b\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u9500\u8def\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fdb\u53e3\u5927\u8c46\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u4e5f\u4ece2006\u5e74\u7684265.2\u7f8e\u5143\/\u5428\u4e00\u8def\u98d9\u5347\u5230599.3\u7f8e\u5143\/\u5428\u3002\u968f\u4e4b\u4e0a\u6da8\u7684\u5927\u8c46\u4ea7\u54c1\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u90fd\u5c06\u7531\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6765\u627f\u62c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fdb\u53e3\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u5927\u8c46\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6ce2\u53ca\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u3001\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u6743\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u8c46\u534f\u4f1a\u4f1a\u957f\u5218\u767b\u9ad8\u5bf9\u4e2d\u5916\u5bf9\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u8c46\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5904\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u53d7\u7ed1\u67b6\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u4e3b\u6743\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c&ldquo;\u79cd\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fdb\u53e3\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u8fdb\u53e3\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u7531\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>\u53ea\u662f\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u4eba\u8fd8\u662f\u5c11\u6570\u3002\u5468\u7acb\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u516c\u6c11\u5bf9\u98df\u7269\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u8584\u5f31\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u73af\u5883\u7f3a\u4e4f\u793e\u4f1a\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4eba\u8fd8\u4e0d\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a 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