{"id":42690,"date":"2015-04-07T09:40:00","date_gmt":"2015-04-07T09:40:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-22T23:10:55","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T23:10:55","slug":"42690","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/3\/42690\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7f8e\u56fd\uff1a\u52a0\u5dde\u8fde\u5e74\u5927\u65f1 \u6050\u9700\u8c03\u6c34\u5de5\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"<div dir=\"ltr\">\u8fd9\u5bf9\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u800c\u8a00\u662f\u53f2\u65e0\u524d\u4f8b\u7684\u3002\u5dde\u957f\u6770\u91cc&middot;\u5e03\u6717\u7ad9\u5728\u67af\u8349\u4e1b\u751f\u3001\u4e71\u77f3\u5d99\u5ccb\u7684\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u5c71\u8109\u9ad8\u5c71\u8349\u7538\u4e0a\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u52a0\u5dde\u5c06\u5b9e\u65bd<a href=\"https:\/\/gov.ca.gov\/news.php?id=18913\">\u5f3a\u5236\u9650\u6c34\u63aa\u65bd<\/a>\uff1a&ldquo;\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u91c7\u53d6\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u6765\u5e94\u5bf9\u8fd9\u573a\u53f2\u4e0a\u7f55\u89c1\u7684\u65f1\u707e\uff0c&rdquo;\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c&ldquo;\u6211\u4eec\u8eab\u5904\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u3002&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>\u5f80\u5e74\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5e03\u6717\u4e3e\u884c\u65b0\u95fb\u5439\u98ce\u4f1a\u7684\u592a\u6d69\u6e56\uff08Lake Tahoe\uff09\u9644\u8fd1\u5730\u533a\u5e94\u8be5\u8986\u76d6\u7740\u4e94\u5230\u516d\u82f1\u5c3a\u539a\uff08\u7ea6\u54081.5\u52302\u7c73\uff09\u7684\u79ef\u96ea\u3002\u52a0\u5dde\u7684\u6c34\u8d44\u6e9030%\u6765\u81ea\u9ad8\u5c71\u79ef\u96ea\uff0c\u4f46\u4eca\u5e74\u975e\u6bd4\u5bfb\u5e38\uff0c\u9ad8\u5c71\u79ef\u96ea\u91cf\u964d\u81f3\u5e73\u5747\u6c34\u5e73\u76845%\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u52a0\u5dde1950\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u5dde\u7edf\u8ba1\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u96e8\u5b63\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u65f1\u60c5\u6050\u96be\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6709\u6240\u7f13\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u8981\u6c42\u5c45\u6c11\u548c\u5546\u5bb6\u5c06\u7528\u6c34\u91cf\u57282013\u5e74\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u51cf\u5c1125%\u3002\u9ad8\u5c14\u592b\u7403\u573a\u3001\u6821\u56ed\u548c\u516c\u5893\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fbe\u5230\u9650\u6c34\u76ee\u6807\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u52a0\u88c5\u8282\u6c34\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u519c\u6c11\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5546\u5bb6\u4e00\u65e6\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u975e\u6cd5\u5f15\u6c34\u5c06\u9762\u4e34\u9ad8\u989d\u7684\u7f5a\u6b3e\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u5bf9\u5168\u5883\u5c45\u6c11\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f18\u60e0\u4ef7\u683c\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u4ed6\u4eec\u8d2d\u4e70\u8282\u6c34\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u63aa\u65bd\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u6709\u4e9b\u6fc0\u8fdb\uff0c\u4f46\u8bb8\u591a\u4e13\u5bb6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u73b0\u6709\u63aa\u65bd\u4ecd\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e2d\u957f\u671f\u8282\u6c34\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5bf9\u52a0\u5dde\u7684\u6c34\u5229\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u8fdb\u884c\u5347\u7ea7\u6539\u9020\u662f\u5f53\u52a1\u4e4b\u6025\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u5927\u5bf9\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u5faa\u73af\u5229\u7528\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6295\u8d44\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u73af\u4fdd\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u8fd8\u547c\u5401\u5bf9\u8017\u6c34\u91cf\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u4ee5\u53ca\u6cb9\u6c14\u4ea7\u4e1a\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4eba\u751a\u81f3\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u91c7\u7528\u66f4\u4e3a\u5b8f\u5927\u7684\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u65b9\u6848\u589e\u52a0\u7f8e\u56fd\u897f\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u4f9b\u5e94\u91cf\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u63d0\u8bae\u65e5\u76ca\u5f15\u4eba\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u6613\u53d1\u6d2a\u6d9d\u707e\u5bb3\u7684\u4e1c\u90e8\u5411\u897f\u90e8\u8c03\u6c34&mdash;&mdash;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2012\/12\/10\/science\/earth\/federal-plans-for-colorado-river-include-pipeline.html?_r=0\">\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e<\/a>\u4e2d\u56fd\u9971\u53d7\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u5357\u6c34\u5317\u8c03\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6c34\u5229\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u90fd\u5efa\u4e8e\u516b\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u3002\u6839\u636e\u76f8\u5173\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u8f93\u6c34\u7ba1\u9053\u6cc4\u6f0f\u5927\u7ea6\u9020\u621010%\u523015%\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u6d41\u5931\u3002\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u3001\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u7b49\u57ce\u5e02\u5df2\u7ecf\u62e8\u6b3e\u6570\u5341\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u9053\u6574\u4fee\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u4f46\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/www.foodandwaterwatch.org\/\">\u98df\u54c1\u4e0e\u6c34\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ec4\u7ec7<\/a>\uff08Food &amp; Water Watch\uff09\u52a0\u5dde\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u4e9a\u5f53&middot;\u65af\u8003\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u89c4\u6a21\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002&ldquo;\u6295\u8d44\u91cd\u4fee\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6c34\u5229\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5730\u65b9\u3001\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u5171\u540c\u627f\u62c5\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>\u5404\u5730\u793e\u533a\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u51b3\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7528\u6c34\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u52a0\u5dde\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6751\u9547\u6b63\u5728\u65b0\u5efa\u6216\u8005\u91cd\u542f\u6d77\u6c34\u6de1\u5316\u8bbe\u65bd\u3002\u4f46\u6279\u8bc4\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u65bd<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/article\/show\/single\/ch\/7696-China-s-desalination-plans-could-thwart-war-on-pollution-\">\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\u6602\u800c\u4e14\u80fd\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u91cf\u5f88\u5927<\/a>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e13\u5bb6\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u5faa\u73af\u5229\u7528\u624d\u662f\u66f4\u6709\u6f5c\u529b\u3001\u6027\u4ef7\u6bd4\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\u5730\u8868\u548c\u5730\u4e0b\u6de1\u6c34\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6a58\u5b50\u90e1\u65b0\u5efa\u7684\u4e00\u5ea7<a href=\"https:\/\/www.circleofblue.org\/waternews\/2014\/world\/orange-county-recycled-water-system-shows-importance-collaboration\/\">\u5e9f\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u5382<\/a>\u5e38\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u7684\u6837\u677f\uff1a\u8fd9\u5ea7\u5e9f\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u5382\u91c7\u53d6&ldquo;\u4ece\u9a6c\u6876\u5230\u6c34\u9f99\u5934&rdquo;\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c06\u5faa\u73af\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7684\u5e9f\u6c34\u76f4\u63a5\u6ce8\u5165\u5730\u4e0b\u6c34\uff0c\u4f7f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5faa\u73af\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6c34\u5728\u4e0b\u6e17\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.renuwit.org\/\">ReNUWit<\/a>\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6b63\u4e13\u653b\u5e9f\u6c34\u5faa\u73af\u5229\u7528\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u63a8\u5e7f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7126\u6e34\u7684\u519c\u573a<br \/>\n<\/strong><br \/>\n\u4f46\u8bb8\u591a\u73af\u4fdd\u4eba\u58eb\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5dde\u957f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u5360\u52a0\u5dde\u7528\u6c34\u603b\u91cf80%\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u90e8\u95e8\u91c7\u53d6\u9650\u5236\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5faa\u73af\u5229\u7528\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u52a0\u5dde\u7684\u7f3a\u6c34\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u7f8e\u56fd\u672c\u571f\u79cd\u690d\u7684\u852c\u83dc\u3001\u6c34\u679c\u548c\u575a\u679c\u4e2d\u6709<a href=\"https:\/\/www.motherjones.com\/environment\/2014\/06\/california-drought-water-produce-fruit-vegetables\">\u5c06\u8fd1\u4e00\u534a<\/a>\u6765\u81ea\u52a0\u5dde\u3002&ldquo;\u4ed6\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4e2d\u65e2\u6ca1\u6709\u89c4\u5b9a\u519c\u4e1a\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u9650\u6c34\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u7981\u6b62\u65b0\u79cd\u690d\u8017\u6c34\u91cf\u5927\u7684\u591a\u5e74\u751f\u4f5c\u7269\uff0c&rdquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.c-win.org\/\">\u52a0\u5dde\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u5f71\u54cd\u7f51\u7edc<\/a>\uff08California Water Impact Network\uff09\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u653f\u7b56\u5206\u6790\u5458\u6c64\u59c6&middot;\u65af\u6258\u514b\u5229\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bf4\u5230\u8017\u6c34\u91cf\u5927\u7684\u4f5c\u7269\uff0c\u65af\u6258\u514b\u5229\u6700\u559c\u6b22\u4e3e\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c31\u662f\u674f\u6811\u3002\u6839\u636e\u300a\u743c\u65af\u592b\u4eba\u300b\uff08Mother Jones\uff09\u6742\u5fd7\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.motherjones.com\/environment\/2015\/01\/california-drought-almonds-water-use\">\u8c03\u67e5\u62a5\u9053<\/a>\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u8c37\uff08 Central Valley\uff09\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u6bcf\u5e74\u4ea7\u51fa6\u4ebf\u78c5\uff08\u8d85\u8fc727\u4e07\u5428\uff09\u674f\u4ec1\uff0c\u800c\u6bcf\u9897\u674f\u4ec1\u5e73\u5747\u9700\u8981\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u52a0\u4ed1\uff08\u5927\u7ea64\u5347\uff09\u7684\u6c34\u3002<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\">\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u674f\u4ec1\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u91cd\u89c6\u5546\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u653f\u5ba2\u4e0e\u73af\u4fdd\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.snwa.com\/\">\u5357\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u5dde\u6c34\u52a1\u5c40<\/a>\u524d\u603b\u7ecf\u7406\u5e15\u7279&middot;\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f57\u4f0a\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u9700\u6c42\u91cf\u6781\u5927\u7684\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u751f\u4ea7\u65bd\u52a0\u7528\u6c34\u91cf\u9650\u5236\u662f\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u3002&ldquo;\u5373\u4fbf\u4f60\u505c\u6b62\u8fd9\u4e00\u7247\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u4e5f\u4f1a\u79cd\u690d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f5c\u7269\u3002&rdquo;\u5979\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u52a0\u5dde\u674f\u4ec1\u4ea7\u91cf\u5360\u4e16\u754c\u603b\u4ea7\u91cf\u768470%\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u5176\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002&ldquo;\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u98df\u7269\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u65e5\u76ca\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e14\u6ca1\u5f53\u50cf\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6210\u529f\u5730\u4ece\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u8f6c\u4e3a\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u996e\u98df\u5c31\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u6b21\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002&rdquo;\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.unlv.edu\/brookingsmtnwest\">\u5e03\u9c81\u91d1\u65af\u897f\u5c71<\/a>\uff08Brookings Mountain West\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f57\u4f0a\u8bf4\u9053\u3002<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\">\n<strong>\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u6781\u9650<br \/>\n<\/strong><br \/>\n\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f57\u4f0a\u4e5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u4fdd\u62a4\u662f\u5f53\u52a1\u4e4b\u6025\uff0c\u5979\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u5dde\u5728\u51cf\u5c11\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u91cf\u65b9\u9762\u6240\u505a\u51fa\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.snwa.com\/biz\/wcc.html\">\u52aa\u529b<\/a>\u3002&ldquo;\u53ef\u662f\u4e00\u65e6\u4f60\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u6781\u9650\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u8bbe\u6cd5\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u6e20\u9053\u83b7\u5f97\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4f9b\u5e94\u3002&rdquo;\u5979\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5bf9\u4ece\u5bc6\u897f\u897f\u6bd4\u6cb3\u5411\u79d1\u7f57\u62c9\u591a\u6cb3\u8c03\u6c34\u7684<a 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