{"id":43032,"date":"2016-02-02T10:38:00","date_gmt":"2016-02-02T10:38:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-22T23:12:51","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T23:12:51","slug":"43032","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/7\/43032\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6700\u4e25\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u6392\u653e\u6807\u51c6\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u5317\u4eac\u96fe\u973e"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u679c\u987a\u5229\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c2017\u5e7412\u67081\u53f7\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5c06\u5f00\u59cb\u5b9e\u65bd\u7b2c\u516d\u9636\u6bb5\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u6392\u653e\u5730\u65b9\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u4e25\u3002\u8f83\u5df2\u7ecf\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u7b2c\u4e94\u9636\u6bb5\u6392\u653e\u6807\u51c6\uff08\u56fd\u4e94\u6807\u51c6\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u6709<strong>\u6c7d\u6cb9\u8f66<\/strong>\u7684\u6392\u653e\u5c06\u964d\u4f4e<a href=\"https:\/\/auto.ifeng.com\/xinwen\/20151207\/1050768.shtml\">40%-50%<\/a>\u3002\u5f81\u6c42\u610f\u89c1\u7a3f\u5df2\u4e8e11\u6708\u5e95\u5411\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5e03\uff0c\u9884\u8ba12016\u5e74\u5c06\u516c\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5347\u7ea7\u4e00\u5411\u6ede\u540e\u7684\u91cd\u578b<strong>\u67f4\u6cb9\u8f66<\/strong>\uff08\u5317\u4eac\u4e0d\u53d1\u5c55\u8f7b\u578b\u67f4\u6cb9\u8f66\uff09\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u4e5f\u8ba1\u5212\u57282016\u5e74\u8ba9\u65b0\u8f66\u6ee1\u8db3&ldquo;\u7279\u4eac\u4e94\u6807\u51c6&rdquo;&mdash;&mdash;\u5373\u57282015\u5e746\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684&ldquo;\u4eac\u4e94&rdquo;\u91cd\u578b\u67f4\u6cb9\u8f66\u6807\u51c6\u4e0a\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u88c5\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5fae\u9897\u7c92\u7269\u8fc7\u6ee4\u88c5\u7f6eDPF\u3002\u52a0\u88c5DPF\u7684\u67f4\u6cb9\u8f66\uff0c\u5176\u5c3e\u6c14\u6392\u653e\u4f1a\u6bd4\u6b27\u6d32\u7b2c\u516d\u9636\u6bb5\u6807\u51c6\u8fd8\u4f4e\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u6392\u653e\u7684\u6c2e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u548c\u5fae\u9897\u7c92\u726970%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6765\u81ea\u67f4\u6cb9\u8f66\uff0c\u6b64\u4e3e\u7ed3\u5408\u4eac\u516d\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u6392\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4eac\u516d\u6807\u51c6\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u4e0d\u5c3d\u5982\u4eba\u610f\u5904\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u53ea\u80fd\u7ba1\u4f4f\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5468\u8fb9\u540c\u6837\u70e7\u6cb9\u4f46\u6392\u653e\u6807\u51c6\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u8f66\u8f86\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\u673a\u68b0\u5bf9\u5317\u4eac\u7a7a\u6c14\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5ffd\u89c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5317\u4eac\u5c06\u6267\u884c\u6700\u4e25\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u6392\u653e\u6807\u51c6<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u6392\u653e\u90fd\u91c7\u7528\u6b27\u6d32\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u5f3a\u6c61\u67d3\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4eac\u516d\u6807\u51c6\u5c06\u91c7\u7528\u66f4\u52a0\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a0\u5dde\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u6392\u653e\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4e0e\u6b27\u6d32\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u8def\u51b5\u548c\u8f66\u8f86\u6392\u653e\u7279\u5f81\u90fd\u548c\u5317\u4eac\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65b0\u6807\u51c6\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u8f7b\u578b\u6c7d\u6cb9\u8f66\u3001\u91cd\u578b\u6c7d\u6cb9\u8f66\u548c\u4e24\u79cd\u91cd\u578b\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\uff08\u70b9\u71c3\u5f0f\u3001\u538b\u71c3\u5f0f\uff09\u7684\u6392\u653e\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f7b\u578b\u6c7d\u6cb9\u8f66\u548c\u91cd\u578b\u6c7d\u6cb9\u8f66\u7684\u5355\u8f66\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u6392\u653e\u5c06\u6bd4\u4eac\u4e94\u6807\u51c6\u4e0b\u964d<a href=\"https:\/\/auto.ifeng.com\/xinwen\/20151207\/1050768.shtml\">40-50%<\/a>\u3002\u7b26\u5408\u4eac\u516d\u6807\u51c6\u8f66\u7684\u71c3\u6cb9\u5c06\u4ece2016\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u4f9b\u5e94\uff0c\u5176\u6807\u51c6\u5c06\u5728\u4eac\u4e94\u8f66\u71c3\u6cb9\u6807\u51c6\uff08\u542b\u786b10ppm\uff09\u4e0a\u518d\u51cf\u5c11\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u5bb3\u70c3\u7c7b\u7269\u8d28\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/auto.ifeng.com\/xinwen\/20151207\/1050768.shtml\">\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u73af\u4fdd\u5c40\u9884\u4f30<\/a>\u52302022\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u5317\u4eac50%\u7684\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u5c06\u8fbe\u5230\u4eac\u516d\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5317\u4eac\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u6392\u653e\u6574\u4f53\u51cf\u5c1120-30%\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u6e05\u6d01\u4ea4\u901a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u521b\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2dMichael P. 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href=\"https:\/\/www.bjstats.gov.cn\/bjsq\/csjs\/\">559<\/a>\u4e07\u8f86\uff0c\u79c1\u5bb6\u8f66\u8fd1\u903e437\u4e07\u8f86\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u65b0\u589e\u8f66<a href=\"https:\/\/www.diandong.com\/news\/201509222820.shtml\">\u8f8615\u4e07\u3002<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6d41\u52a8\u8f66\u8f86\u548c\u975e\u9053\u8def\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u71c3\u6cb9\u673a\u68b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bcf\u5929\u88c5\u8f7d\u7740\u852c\u83dc\u3001\u751f\u9c9c\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5927\u5361\u8f66\uff0c\u6392\u7740\u6eda\u6eda\u9ed1\u70df\uff0c\u8d81\u7740\u591c\u8272\u9a76\u5165\u5317\u4eac\u57ce\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5317\u4eacPM2.5\u6392\u653e\u534a\u591c\u5c0f\u9ad8\u5cf0\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u578b\u67f4\u6cb9\u8f66\u7684\u6392\u653e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u8f86\u666e\u901a\u4eac\u4e94\u6807\u51c6\u6c7d\u8f66\u6392\u653e\u7684\u51e0\u767e\u500d\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u6765\u6765\u5f80\u5f80\u7684\u5783\u573e\u8f66\u3001\u90ae\u653f\u8f66\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f66\u8f86\u5927\u591a\u4e0d\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u767b\u8bb0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d7\u5317\u4eac\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u8fd8\u5728\u4ee5\u6bcf\u5e742000\u591a\u4e07\u8f86\u8f66\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u51fa\u4ea7\u56fd\u56db\u6807\u51c6\u8f66\u3002\u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5982\u4e0d\u5c3d\u5feb\u5b9e\u65bd\u6700\u9ad8\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u8f66\u8f86\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5728\u4e94\u73af\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4eac\u973e\u6765\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u975e\u9053\u8def\u673a\u68b0\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u66f4\u8ba9\u4eba\u5934\u75db\u3002\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u6574\u5929\u5728\u5c45\u6c11\u793e\u533a\u65c1\u8fb9\u8f70\u9686\u9686\u54cd\u7684\u6316\u6398\u673a\u3001\u8d77\u91cd\u673a\u3001\u5347\u964d\u673a\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5728\u7530\u5730\u91cc\u7684\u62d6\u62c9\u673a\u3001\u6536\u5272\u673a\u7b49\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6392\u653e\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u636eWalsh\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u5efa\u7b51\u673a\u68b0\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5efa\u7b51\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u800c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u79df\u8d41\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5e26\u6cb9\u7f50\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6cb9\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4ece\u4e0d\u53d7\u76d1\u7ba1\u7684\u5c0f\u70bc\u6cb9\u5382\u4e70\u7684\uff0c\u4fbf\u5b9c\uff0c\u4f46\u6c61\u67d3\u591a\u5927\u4e0d\u5f97\u800c\u77e5\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u53d7\u76d1\u7ba1\u7684\u5c0f\u70bc\u6cb9\u5382\uff0c&ldquo;\u73b0\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u3002&rdquo; 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Witherspoon\u548cWalsh\u90fd\u591a\u6b21\u63d0\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3e\u63aa\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u4f46\u5c06\u57282018\u5e74\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u56fd\u4e94\u6807\u51c6\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9274\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u6c61\u67d3\u5f62\u52bf\uff0c\u4e24\u4f4d\u4e13\u5bb6\u90fd\u5efa\u8bae\u4e2d\u56fd\u8df3\u8fc7\u56fd\u4e94\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9e\u65bd\u56fd\u516d\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u56fd\u4e94\u6807\u51c6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u5546\u4e5f\u5728\u5f80\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u6539\u9020\u751f\u4ea7\u7ebf\uff0c\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba3\u5e03\u56fd\u516d\u6bd4\u8f83\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6c64\u5927\u94a2\u4e5f\u8ba4\u540c\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u6ee4\u88c5\u7f6e\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u6cb9\u54c1\u6807\u51c6\uff08\u542b\u786b50ppm\uff09\u5df2\u7ecf\u7b26\u5408\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u65b0\u8f66\u76f4\u63a5\u5b89\u88c5\u5c3e\u6c14\u5904\u7406\u88c5\u7f6e\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u67f4\u6cb9\u8f66\u53ea\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u50ac\u5316\u5904\u7406\u88c5\u7f6e\uff08SCR\uff09\u548cDPF\uff0c\u5176\u6392\u653e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u516d\u9636\u6bb5\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u6c7d\u6cb9\u8f66\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u66f4\u65b0\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u5c3e\u6c14\u5904\u7406\u88c5\u7f6e\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u56db\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u65b0\u8f66\u4e0a\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u5426\u5219\u62d6\u4e0a\u56db\u3001\u4e94\u5e74\uff0c\u7b49\u56fd\u516d\u6807\u51c6\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u5c06\u5df2\u589e\u52a0\u4e0a\u4ebf\u8f86\u6c61\u67d3\u8d85\u6807\u7684\u8f66\u8f86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eac\u516d\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5355\u72ec\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5168\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u6267\u884c\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u71c3\u673a\u534f\u4f1a\u5df2\u7ecf\u8868\u793a\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u82e5\u83b7\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6548\u679c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u53ef\u77e5\u3002\u5355\u662fDPF\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u96be\u5904\u3002\u6c64\u5927\u94a2\u8bf4\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eDPF\u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u505a\u7ef4\u62a4\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u53f8\u673a\u4eec\u90fd\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u7528\uff1bDPF\u505a\u518d\u751f\u7ef4\u62a4\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6cb9\u548c\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u90fd\u6765\u81ea\u8f66\u8f86\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u5168\u5e74\u8981\u591a\u8017\u6cb95%\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u8f66\u8f86\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u627f\u62c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u65b0\u6807\u51c6\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u5168\u9762\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ba9\u6807\u51c6\u5347\u7ea7\u96be\u5ea6\u589e\u5927\u3002\u6c64\u5927\u94a2\u5efa\u8bae\u50cf\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u9636\u6bb5\u8fbe\u6807\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6807\u51c6\u53d1\u5e03\u4e00\u5e74\u4e4b\u518510%\u8f66\u8f86\u8fbe\u6807\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e7430%\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u5e7450%\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f13\u548c\u8f6c\u578b\u671f\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u6280\u672f\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8f66\u8f86\u51cf\u6392\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u65b0\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u5982\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u548c\u6cb9\u7535\u6df7\u5408\u8f66\u3002\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u7531\u4e8e\u5145\u7535\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ca\u7eed\u822a\u80fd\u529b\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u524d\u666f\u8fd8\u4e0d\u660e\u6717\uff1b\u6cb9\u7535\u6df7\u5408\u8f66\u8f86\uff0c\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u548c\u8f66\u901f\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f660\u516c\u91cc\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7528\u7535\uff0c\u65f6\u901f60\u516c\u91cc\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7528\u6cb9\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u6020\u901f\u548c\u4f4e\u901f\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u5c3e\u6c14\u5904\u7406\u88c5\u7f6e\u65e0\u6548\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e14\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7528\u6cb9\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u5904\u7406\u6548\u679c\u3002\u6c64\u5927\u94a2\u5341\u5206\u8ba4\u540c\u540e\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5e94\u7528\u4e0d\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u6709\u8fd120\u5e74\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u6c61\u67d3\u6cbb\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684Walsh\u5148\u751f\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u300a\u5927\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u9632\u6cbb\u6cd5\u300b\u548c\u66f4\u52a0\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u8f66\u8f86\u6392\u653e\u6807\u51c6\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u73af\u4fdd\u90e8\u80fd\u591f\u5229\u7528\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u575a\u5b9a\u5b9e\u65bd\u53ec\u56de\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u53eb\u505c\u4e0d\u5408\u683c\u751f\u4ea7\u7ebf\uff0c\u675c\u7edd\u4e0d\u8fbe\u6807\u8f66\u8f86\u4e0a\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u68c0\u9a8c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cbb\u7406\u8f66\u8f86\u6c61\u67d3\u6392\u653e\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u52a8\u771f\u683c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002&rdquo;\u4ed6\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>\u611f\u8c22\u4e2d\u56fd\u6e05\u6d01\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3a\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/em><em>2015<\/em><em>\u5e74<\/em><em>12<\/em><em>\u6708\u5e95<\/em><em>&ldquo;<\/em><em>\u4e2d\u56fd\u6e05\u6d01\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/em><em>&rdquo;<\/em><em>\u4e3e\u529e\u7684<\/em><a 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