{"id":43256,"date":"2016-07-08T10:29:00","date_gmt":"2016-07-08T10:29:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-22T23:14:11","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T23:14:11","slug":"43256","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/uncategorized-zh\/43256\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6e05\u6d01\u7a7a\u6c14\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"ltr\"><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-10722913-c4e7-ada3-4088-f7fbdbea286e\"><strong>\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u547c\u5438\u4e4b\u75db<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5317\u4eac\u9996\u90fd\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u573a3\u53f7\u822a\u7ad9\u697c\u7684\u5230\u8fbe\u53e3\uff0c\u4eb2\u4eba\u548c\u670b\u53cb\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u5e86\u795d\u76f8\u805a\u3002\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5176\u4ed6\u5f88\u591a\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u573a\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u62e5\u62b1\u548c\u4eb2\u543b\u4f1a\u5c11\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002\u542b\u84c4\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u8868\u8fbe\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9887\u4e3a\u7ec6\u817b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u5305\u91cc\u53d6\u51fa\u9632\u973e\u53e3\u7f69\uff0c\u9012\u7ed9\u521a\u521a\u56de\u5230\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u4eb2\u53cb\uff0c&ldquo;\u522b\u5fd8\u4e86\u5e26\u4e0a\u53e3\u7f69&rdquo;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u7740&ldquo;PM2.5&rdquo;\u3001&ldquo;PM10&rdquo;\u7b49\u73af\u5883\u76d1\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u5165\u516c\u5171\u8206\u8bba\uff0c\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u53ca\u5176\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u5f71\u54cd\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u53d7\u5230\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-10722913-c4e7-ada3-4088-f7fbdbea286e\">\u8fd1\u65e5\u843d\u5e55\u7684<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/events\/2016\/wha69\/en\/\">\u7b2c69\u5c4a\u4e16\u754c\u536b\u751f\u5927\u4f1a<\/a>\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e16\u536b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53d1\u8868\u62a5\u544a\u79f0\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/phe\/health_topics\/outdoorair\/databases\/en\/\">\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u6bcf\u5e74\u5bfc\u81f4\u5168\u7403800\u4e07\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1<\/a>\uff0c\u662f\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u73af\u5883\u536b\u751f\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u968f\u7740\u57ce\u5e02\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u5c45\u6c11\u7f79\u60a3\u4e2d\u98ce\u3001\u5fc3\u810f\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u80ba\u764c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6025\u6162\u6027\u547c\u5438\u9053\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-10722913-c4e7-ada3-4088-f7fbdbea286e\">\u6839\u636e<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/sbm.pumc.edu.cn\/Index.asp\">\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u57fa\u7840\u533b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/a>\u6559\u6388\u6768\u529f\u7115\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinacdc.cn\/\">\u4e2d\u56fd\u75be\u75c5\u9884\u9632\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/a>\u4e3b\u4efb\u738b\u5b87\u5728\u8457\u540d\u533b\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.cn\/\">\u300a\u67f3\u53f6\u5200\u300b<\/a>\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736(13)61097-1\/abstract\">\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a<\/a>\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6240\u6709\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u6b7b\u4ea1\u8bf1\u56e0\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u6c14\u9897\u7c92\u7269\u6c61\u67d3\u53ca\u5ba4\u5185\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u5206\u522b\u9ad8\u5c45\u7b2c\u56db\u548c\u7b2c\u4e94\u4f4d\u3002<span id=\"docs-internal-guid-10722913-c4e7-ada3-4088-f7fbdbea286e\">\u62ef\u6551\u547c\u5438\u4e4b\u75db\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6574\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/1406\/Screen_Shot_2016-07-07_at_11.39.01.png\" style=\"border: none; width: 560px; height: 331px;\" \/><br \/>\n<span class=\"caption\"><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-10722913-c4e7-ada3-4088-f7fbdbea286e\">PM2.5\u6c61\u67d3\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5ba4\u5185\u53ca\u5927\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\uff09\u5e26\u6765\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u98ce\u9669 \u6570\u636e\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u6768\u529f\u7115\u7b49\uff0cRapid health transition in China, 1990&ndash;2010<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\n<span id=\"docs-internal-guid-10722913-c4e7-ada3-4088-f7fbdbea286e\"><strong>\u592a\u591a\u6c7d\u8f66<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd1\u65e5\uff0c<\/span><a href=\"about:blank\">\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u73af\u5883\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u9662<\/a>\u9662\u957f\u6731\u5f64\u5728\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u9898\u4e3a&ldquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/352\/6288\/934https:\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/352\/6288\/934\">\u6e05\u6d01\u7a7a\u6c14\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/a>&rdquo;\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u62a5\u544a\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9053\u8def\u4ea4\u901a\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u4e2d\u7ec6\u9897\u7c92\u7269\u548c\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u6216\u52a0\u91cd\u54ee\u5598\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f24\u53ca\u80ba\u810f\u5668\u5b98\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-10722913-c4e7-ada3-4088-f7fbdbea286e\">\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u63a8\u884c\u8bf8\u5982\u4ee5\u6c14\u4ee3\u7164\u3001\u52a0\u5feb\u5730\u94c1\u5efa\u8bbe\u3001\u4e25\u683c\u6392\u653e\u6807\u51c6\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f66\u8f86\u9650\u53f7\u51fa\u884c\u7b49\u63aa\u65bd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d77\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5317\u4eac\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u589e\u957f\u8fc7\u5feb\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5236\u7ea6\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u6548\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u636e\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u5df2\u75312000\u5e74\u7684150\u4e07\u8f86\u731b\u589e\u5230\u4e862015\u5e74\u7684560\u4e07\u8f86\uff0c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/news.xinhuanet.com\/mrdx\/2016-06\/16\/c_135440931.htm\">\u4ee5\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u8f66\u957f5\u7c73\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u9996\u5c3e\u76f8\u8fde\u67092.8\u4e07\u516c\u91cc\u4e4b\u957f<\/a>\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc7\u5730\u7403\u8d64\u9053\u5468\u957f\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-10722913-c4e7-ada3-4088-f7fbdbea286e\">\u6731\u5f64\u5728\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u3001\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u5927\u591a\u91c7\u7528\u8f83\u4e3a\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u964d\u4f4e\u5c3e\u6c14\u6392\u653e\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u5927\u3002\u8981\u60f3\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u51cf\u5c11\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u6392\u653e\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5bf9\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u603b\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e3a\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u65e9\u57282011\u5e74\u5c31\u51fa\u53f0\u4e86\u8d2d\u8f66\u6447\u53f7\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u8005\u5355\u4f4d\u8981\u60f3\u529e\u7406\u8f66\u8f86\u724c\u7167\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bjhjyd.gov.cn\/\">\u7533\u8bf7\u7f51\u7ad9<\/a>\u901a\u8fc7&ldquo;\u6447\u53f7&rdquo;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u83b7\u5f97\uff0c<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-10722913-c4e7-ada3-4088-f7fbdbea286e\">\u4e2d\u5916\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4ece<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bjhjyd.gov.cn\/jggb\/2016425\/1461547660925_1.html\">\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u5c0f\u5ba2\u8f66\u6307\u6807\u8c03\u63a7\u7ba1\u7406\u529e\u516c\u5ba4<\/a>\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\uff0c2016\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e8c\u671f\u7684\u8d2d\u8f66\u6307\u6807\u6447\u53f7\u4e2d\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u5c0f\u5ba2\u8f66\u6307\u6807\u7533\u8bf7\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d85\u8fc7265\u4e07\uff0c\u800c\u6307\u6807\u4ec5\u67091\u4e07\u4f59\u4e2a\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u4e2d\u7b7e\u7387\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-10722913-c4e7-ada3-4088-f7fbdbea286e\">\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5e0c\u671b\u6e3a\u832b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u6c11\u4ecd\u7136\u4e50\u6b64\u4e0d\u75b2\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e38\u6001\u5316\u3001\u5168\u5929\u5019\u7684\u62e5\u5835\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5317\u4eac\u5c45\u6c11\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d2d\u4e70\u6c7d\u8f66\u8fd8\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u8d85\u4e4e\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u738b\u5973\u58eb\u544a\u8bc9\u4e2d\u5916\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u7231\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u53c2\u4e0e\u7533\u8bf7\u6447\u53f7\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f88\u591a\u516c\u5171\u4ea4\u901a\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u6ee1\u8db3\u5c0f\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u516c\u4ea4\u8f66\u3001\u51fa\u79df\u8f66\u4e0a\u5f88\u5c11\u8bbe\u7f6e\u513f\u7ae5\u5b89\u5168\u5ea7\u6905\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5e26\u5b69\u5b50\u51fa\u884c\u4f1a\u5f88\u4e0d\u653e\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u6b64\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u4fdd\u6709\u91cf\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0a\u6da8\u7684\u6001\u52bf\uff0c\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u603b\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u6613\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u62e5\u5835\u8d39\u662f\u4e00\u5242\u826f\u836f\u5417\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>6\u670814\u65e5\uff0c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bjfzb.gov.cn\/html\/fzb\/\">\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u4eba\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u6cd5\u5236\u529e\u516c\u5ba4<\/a>\u901a\u62a5\u4e86\u4eca\u5e74\u62df\u5b89\u6392\u7acb\u6cd5\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f13\u89e3\u4ea4\u901a\u62e5\u5835\u6761\u4f8b\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u8c03\u7814\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e5f\u88ab\u5217\u51652016\u5e74\u7684\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u7acb\u6cd5\u5de5\u4f5c\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u6b64\u524d\uff0c\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bjzx.gov.cn\/zhu.htm\">\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u653f\u534f<\/a>\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u96fe\u973e\u6cbb\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u6848\u529e\u7406\u534f\u5546\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bjepb.gov.cn\/\">\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u73af\u4fdd\u5c40<\/a>\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bjjtw.gov.cn\/\">\u4ea4\u901a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a<\/a>\u7b49\u90e8\u95e8\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5df2\u7ecf\u521d\u6b65\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u4ea4\u901a\u62e5\u5835\u6536\u8d39\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u65b9\u6848\u548c\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-10722913-c4e7-ada3-4088-f7fbdbea286e\">\u4e00\u65f6\uff0c&ldquo;\u5317\u4eac\u62e5\u5835\u6536\u8d39&rdquo;\u6210\u4e3a\u641c\u7d22\u70ed\u8bcd\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u70ed\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u65e9\u57282010\u5e74\uff0c\u65b0\u534e\u793e\u65d7\u4e0b\u7684\u300a\u8d22\u7ecf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5468\u520a\u300b\u5c31\u66fe\u53d1\u8868\u6587\u7ae0\u79f0\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u6b63\u915d\u917f\u66f4\u5f3a\u786c\u7684\u6cbb\u5835\u65b0\u653f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u6536\u53d6\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u6c61\u67d3\u6cbb\u7406\u8d39\u53ca\u62e5\u5835\u8d39\u3002\u8fd9\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f&ldquo;\u62e5\u5835\u8d39&rdquo;\u8bd5\u63a2\u6c11\u610f\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2012\u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u7684<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/zhengwu.beijing.gov.cn\/ghxx\/sewgh\/t1237237.htm\">\u300a\u5317\u4eac\u5e02&ldquo;\u5341\u4e8c\u4e94&rdquo;\u65f6\u671f\u4ea4\u901a\u53d1\u5c55\u5efa\u8bbe\u89c4\u5212\u300b<\/a>\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5c06\u5728&ldquo;\u5341\u4e8c\u4e94&rdquo;\u671f\u95f4\uff082011\uff0d2015\u5e74\uff09\u51fa\u53f0\u62e5\u5835\u6536\u8d39\u7ba1\u7406\u653f\u7b56\uff1b2013\u5e74\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/zhengwu.beijing.gov.cn\/ghxx\/qtgh\/t1324558.htm\">\u300a\u5317\u4eac\u5e022013-2017\u5e74\u6e05\u6d01\u7a7a\u6c14\u884c\u52a8\u8ba1\u5212\u300b<\/a>\u4e2d\u660e\u786e\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u5c06\u7814\u7a76\u57ce\u5e02\u4f4e\u6392\u653e\u533a\uff08LZE\uff09\u4ea4\u901a\u62e5\u5835\u8d39\u5f81\u6536\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span 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