{"id":43829,"date":"2017-12-04T11:09:00","date_gmt":"2017-12-04T11:09:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-22T23:17:41","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T23:17:41","slug":"43829","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/4\/43829\/","title":{"rendered":"\u975e\u6d32\u5927\u578b\u6c34\u5229\u5de5\u7a0b\u52a0\u5267\u79fb\u6c11\u5371\u673a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"ltr\"><span 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International\uff09\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u8d70\u8bbf\u4e86\u585e\u5185\u52a0\u5c14\u6cb3\u6cb3\u8c37\uff0c\u8fd9\u6761\u6cb3\u662f\u585e\u5185\u52a0\u5c14\u548c\u6bdb\u91cc\u5854\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u5206\u754c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u542c\u519c\u6c11\u3001\u7267\u6c11\u548c\u6e14\u6c11\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u81ea\u4ece\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e0a\u6e38\u9a6c\u91cc\u5883\u5185\u7684\u9a6c\u5357\u5854\u5229\u6c34\u575d\u4e8e1987\u5e74\u5efa\u6210\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e94\u5bf9\u751f\u6001\u7834\u574f\u800c\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u6c34\u575d\u622a\u7559\u4e86\u585e\u5185\u52a0\u5c14\u6cb3\u5b63\u8282\u6027\u6d2a\u6d41\u7684\u5f88\u5927\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u7535\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u519c\u6c11\u63d0\u4f9b\u704c\u6e89\u6c34\u6e90\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u6bd4\u53d7\u76ca\u8005\u8981\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8d5b\u4e49\u675c&middot;\u6613\u535c\u62c9\u5e0c\u9a6c\u662f\u585e\u5185\u52a0\u5c14\u6cb3\u6cbf\u5cb8\u6ce2\u591a\u5c14\u533a\u591a\u7eb3\u8036-\u5854\u52d2\u8fea\u57fa\u6751\u7684\u4e00\u540d\u6559\u5e08\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c&ldquo;\u6cb3\u91cc\u7684\u5927\u6c34\u4f1a\u6f2b\u8fc7\u6e7f\u5730\uff0c\u6ecb\u517b\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u9c7c\u7c7b\u3002&rdquo;\u4f46\u662f\uff0c&ldquo;\u73b0\u5728\u56e0\u4e3a\u6c34\u575d\uff0c\u5927\u6c34\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86 &hellip;&hellip; \u76f8\u6bd4\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u9c7c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u591a\u5c11\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7956\u7236\u6bcd\u6355\u5f88\u591a\u9c7c\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u7684\u6355\u4e86\u3002&rdquo;\u968f\u7740\u751f\u8ba1\u7684\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc7100\u4eba\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u4ed6\u90a3\u4e2a\u6751\u5b50\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\u3002&ldquo;\u6709\u4e9b\u6751\u5b50\u7684\u4eba\u51e0\u4e4e\u8d70\u7a7a\u4e86\u3002&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;\u90a3\u4e9b\u80cc\u4e95\u79bb\u4e61\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u4e58\u8239\uff08\u53bb\u6b27\u6d32\uff09\u5f88\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u94c1\u4e86\u5fc3\u8981\u53bb\u5bfb\u627e\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c&rdquo;\u90bb\u6751\u7684\u526f\u6751\u957f\u5965\u9a6c\u5c14&middot;\u897f\u5c14\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6751\u4e5f\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u51fa\u8d70\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-002ecf5f-211d-5ca1-1752-99981ecd1141\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Donkeys on a dried-out section of the Inner Niger Delta in Mali.\" src=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/3591\/56-donkeys-on-path-to-womens-gardens-akka_web_meitu_1.jpg\" style=\"border: none; width: 100%; height: 100%;\" \/><\/span><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-a65c5113-21ea-ae8a-9867-ecb3ad0fed60\"><span class=\"caption\">\u9a6c\u91cc\u5185\u5c3c\u65e5\u5c14\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u5e72\u65f1\u6cb3\u9053\u4e0a\u7684\u9a74\u5b50\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aFRED PEARCE\/YALE E360<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u66fe\u7ecf\uff0c\u6d2a\u6c34\u9000\u53bb\u540e\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u6e7f\u6da6\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u79cd\u690d\u4f5c\u7269\uff0c\u7267\u6c11\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u68ee\u6797\u548c\u91ce\u751f\u751f\u7269\u5bc6\u96c6\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u653e\u7267\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u636e\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u6c34\u575d\u53ca\u5176\u76f8\u5173\u9879\u76ee<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1747-6593.1996.tb00076.x\/abstract\">\u5df2\u7ecf\u9020\u6210<\/a>\u6e14\u4e1a\u840e\u7f2990%\uff0c\u5e76\u5bfc\u81f4\u591a\u8fbe61.8\u4e07\u82f1\u4ea9\uff0825\u4e07\u516c\u9877\uff09\u7684\u96e8\u5b63\u6d2a\u6c34\u8986\u76d6\u533a\u57df\u5e72\u6db8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u533a\u57df\u4ee5\u524d\u5728\u6d2a\u6c34\u671f\u4f1a\u88ab\u6c34\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u5929\u7136\u704c\u6e89\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6c34\u9000\u4e4b\u540e\u5f00\u5c55&ldquo;\u6d2a\u6c34\u9000\u6c34\u533a\u519c\u4e1a&rdquo;\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-a65c5113-21ea-ae8a-9867-ecb3ad0fed60\">\u8d1f\u8d23\u6c34\u575d\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u95f4\u673a\u6784&ldquo;\u585e\u5185\u52a0\u5c14\u6cb3\u6d41\u57df\u5f00\u53d1\u7ec4\u7ec7&rdquo;\uff08\u6cd5\u8bed\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u7f29\u5199\u4e3aOMVS\uff09\u5728<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/old.iwlearn.net\/iw-projects\/1109\/reports\/transboundary-diagnostic-environmental-analysis-of-the-senegal-river-basin\/view\">2014\u5e74\u627f\u8ba4<\/a>\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6c34\u575d\u6d88\u706d\u4e86\u6cb3\u91cc\u7684\u6d2a\u6c34\uff0c&ldquo;\u6240\u4ee5\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d2a\u6c34\u9000\u6c34\u533a\u519c\u4e1a\u548c\u6e14\u4e1a\u66f4\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f7f\u6cb3\u8c37\u4e2d\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u519c\u6751\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u52a0\u8106\u5f31\u3002&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-a65c5113-21ea-ae8a-9867-ecb3ad0fed60\">\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u4e0e\u8be5\u7ec4\u7ec7&ldquo;\u786e\u4fdd\u6d41\u57df\u548c\u533a\u57df\u5185\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168&rdquo;\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u80cc\u9053\u800c\u9a70\u3002\u4f46\u8be5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u73af\u5883\u548c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3b\u7ba1\u963f\u9a6c\u675c&middot;\u62c9\u660e&middot;\u6069\u8fea\u4e9a\u8036\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u673a\u6784\u5c06\u6d2a\u6cdb\u533a\u7b49\u6e7f\u5730\u4e3b\u8981\u770b\u505a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65c5\u6e38\u6536\u5165\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u519c\u6751\u793e\u533a\u7684\u751f\u547d\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u575d\u963b\u65ad\u4e86\u66fe\u7ecf\u6ecb\u517b\u4e86\u6e7f\u5730\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u6d41\u5165\u4e4d\u5f97\u6e56\u7684\u6cb3\u6c34\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e0a\u767e\u4e07\u5c3c\u65e5\u5229\u4e9a\u4eba\u5931\u53bb\u751f\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u4f7f\u4e4d\u5f97\u6e56\u5468\u8fb9\u5730\u533a\u906d\u53d7\u5371\u673a\u3002\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u5730\u5904\u5c3c\u65e5\u5229\u4e9a\u3001\u5c3c\u65e5\u5c14\u3001\u4e4d\u5f97\u548c\u5580\u9ea6\u9686\u4ea4\u754c\u5904\u7684\u4e4d\u5f97\u6e56\u8fd8\u662f\u975e\u6d32\u7b2c\u56db\u5927\u6e56\u6cca\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u768450\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u4e4d\u5f97\u6e56\u7684\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u7f29\u5c0f\u4e8690%\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u6700\u521d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u8428\u8d6b\u52d2\u5730\u533a\u6301\u7eed\u5e72\u65f1\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6cb3\u6c34\u6ce8\u5165\u6e56\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u81ea2002\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u964d\u6c34\u660e\u663e\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u4f46<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/01431161.2013.827813\">\u6e56\u6cca\u9762\u79ef\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6062\u590d<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-a65c5113-21ea-ae8a-9867-ecb3ad0fed60\">\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u4e4d\u5f97\u6e56\u4e0a\u6e38\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u6d41\u7ecf\u8f83\u6e7f\u6da6\u7684\u5357\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6cb3\u6d41\u4e0a\uff0c\u5efa\u8d77\u4e86\u5927\u575d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5580\u9ea6\u9686\u548c\u5c3c\u65e5\u5229\u4e9a\u5883\u5185\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5580\u9ea6\u9686\u7684\u9a6c\u52a0\u5927\u575d\uff08Maga Dam\uff09\u5c06\u6d1b\u8d21\u6cb370%\u7684\u6c34\u5f15\u5165\u7a3b\u7530\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5bfc\u81f4\u66fe\u7ecf\u517b\u80b213\u4e07\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u6d2a\u6cdb\u533a\u7267\u573a\u5e72\u6db8\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u6d41\u5165\u4e4d\u5f97\u6e56\u7684\u6c34\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5c3c\u65e5\u5229\u4e9a\u5317\u90e8\uff0c\u7ea6\u8d1d\u6cb3\u4e0a\u5efa\u8d77\u7684\u5927\u575d\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0a\u767e\u4e07\u5c3c\u65e5\u5229\u4e9a\u4eba\u5931\u53bb\u751f\u8ba1\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u6761\u6cb3\u66fe\u7ecf\u6ecb\u517b\u4e86\u54c8\u5fb7\u52a0-\u5c3c\u53e4\u9c81\u6e7f\u5730\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u6ce8\u5165\u4e4d\u5f97\u6e56\u3002\u79d1\u7f57\u62c9\u591a\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u73af\u5883\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u7231\u5fb7\u534e&middot;\u5df4\u6bd4\u8036\u5c14\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u575d\u7ed9\u5f53\u5730\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6574\u4f53\u4e0a\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u662f\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6e14\u3001\u7267\u7b49\u884c\u4e1a\u8499\u53d7\u7684\u635f\u5931\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u704c\u6e89\u519c\u4e1a\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u3002&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-002ecf5f-211d-5ca1-1752-99981ecd1141\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"The major wetlands and water basins of the Sahel region in Africa.\" src=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/3588\/SahelWetlands_WetlandsInternational.jpg\" style=\"border: none; width: 100%; height: 100%;\" \/><\/span><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-a65c5113-21ea-ae8a-9867-ecb3ad0fed60\"><span class=\"caption\">\u975e\u6d32\u8428\u8d6b\u52d2\u5730\u533a\u4e3b\u8981\u6e7f\u5730\u548c\u6cb3\u6d41\u6d41\u57df\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aWETLANDS INTERNATIONAL<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8d2b\u56f0\u52a9\u63a8\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u4e4d\u5f97\u6e56\u5468\u8fb9\u5730\u533a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u52a8\u4e71\u548c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u95f4\u673a\u6784\u4e4d\u5f97\u6e56\u6d41\u57df\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08Lake Chad Basin Commission\uff09\u5b98\u5458\u9a6c\u7eb3&middot;\u5e03\u5361\u91cc\u4e24\u5e74\u524d<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/lake-chad-recedes-to-catastrophic-levels\/a-18879406\">\u544a\u8bc9\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e4b\u58f0<\/a>\uff08&nbsp;Duetsche Welle\uff09\uff1a&ldquo;\u6e56\u6cca\u5e72\u6db8\u9020\u6210\u5468\u8fb9\u5730\u533a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5f62\u52bf\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u7eb7\u7eb7\u52a0\u5165\u535a\u79d1\u5723\u5730\u3002&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-a65c5113-21ea-ae8a-9867-ecb3ad0fed60\">\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u8428\u8d6b\u52d2\u5730\u533a\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u4e49\u534f\u8c03\u5458\u6258\u6bd4&middot;\u5170\u6cfd\u5c14\u5728<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/wires\/afp\/article-3308904\/Africas-Lake-Chad-fuel-new-migrant-crisis-UN.html\">\u4e00\u6b21\u6b27\u76df-\u975e\u6d32\u5cf0\u4f1a\u4e0a\u8bf4<\/a>\uff0c\u8fd9\u8fd8\u52a9\u957f\u4e86\u79fb\u6c11\u6f6e\uff1a&ldquo;\u5bfb\u6c42\u5e87\u62a4\u3001\u96be\u6c11\u5371\u673a\u3001\u73af\u5883\u5371\u673a\u3001\u6781\u7aef\u5206\u5b50\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a&mdash;&mdash;\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u6c47\u805a\u5230\u4e86\u4e4d\u5f97\u6e56\u6d41\u57df\u3002&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-a65c5113-21ea-ae8a-9867-ecb3ad0fed60\">\u5c3c\u65e5\u5229\u4e9a\u653f\u5e9c2015\u5e74\u5bf9\u8be5\u6e56\u6d41\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba1\u8ba1\u62a5\u544a\u4e5f\u540c\u610f\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u5f97\u51fa\u7684<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/afrosai-e.org.za\/uploads\/afrosai_intohost_co_za\/cms\/files\/environmental_audit_on_the_drying_up_of_lake_chad_nigeria.pdf\">\u7ed3\u8bba<\/a>\u662f&ldquo;\u4e0a\u6e38\u672a\u7ecf\u534f\u8c03\u7684\u84c4\u6c34\u548c\u7528\u6c34\u884c\u4e3a&rdquo;\u662f&ldquo;\u9020\u6210\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u7a00\u7f3a\u3001\u7528\u6c34\u77db\u76fe\u6fc0\u589e\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u793e\u4f1a\u51b2\u7a81\u548c\u88ab\u8feb\u79fb\u6c11&rdquo;\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iom.int\/news\/over-26-million-displaced-lake-chad-basin-iom\">\u636e\u56fd\u9645\u79fb\u6c11\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7edf\u8ba1<\/a>\uff0c\u81ea\u4ece2013\u5e74\u5e74\u4e2d\u4ee5\u6765\u5df2\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7260\u4e07\u4eba\u79bb\u5f00\u4e4d\u5f97\u6e56\u5730\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-a65c5113-21ea-ae8a-9867-ecb3ad0fed60\">\u8428\u8d6b\u52d2\u5730\u533a\u7ef5\u5ef63400\u82f1\u91cc\uff0c\u6a2a\u8de8\u5317\u975e\uff0c\u7d27\u90bb\u6492\u54c8\u62c9\u6c99\u6f20\u5357\u4fa7\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5e72\u65f1\u533a\u3002\u6e7f\u5730\u5728\u5176\u9762\u79ef\u6700\u5927\u65f6\u66fe\u7ecf\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u5341\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u9762\u79ef\uff0c\u662f\u91ce\u751f\u52a8\u7269\u7279\u522b\u662f\u9e1f\u7c7b\u7684\u5929\u5802\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9a6c\u91cc\u7684\u5185\u5c3c\u65e5\u5c14\u6cb3\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u662f\u5168\u7403\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5019\u9e1f\u8d8a\u51ac\u5730\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u51ac\u5929\u7ea6400\u4e07\u6c34\u9e1f\u4ece\u6b27\u6d32\u98de\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u8d8a\u51ac\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6e7f\u5730\u662f\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u7a77\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u8ba1\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6bcf\u5e746\u81f39\u6708\u7684\u77ed\u671f\u96e8\u5b63\u4e4b\u5916\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4ea7\u51fa\u6765\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6e7f\u5730\u5e72\u6db8\u5e38\u88ab\u5f52\u548e\u4e8e\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u771f\u6b63\u539f\u56e0\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u6cb3\u9053\u6c34\u6d41\u7684\u5e72\u6270\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6e7f\u5730\u7684\u8870\u843d\u4ee5\u53ca\u7531\u6b64\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5f71\u54cd\u4ecd\u4e0d\u592a\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u6e7f\u5730\u5e72\u6db8\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u5f52\u548e\u4e8e\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u771f\u6b63\u539f\u56e0\u7ecf\u5e38\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u6cb3\u9053\u6c34\u6d41\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u5e72\u6270\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u5f00\u53d1\u673a\u6784\u4f9d\u65e7\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6c34\u575d\u662f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u8d22\u5bcc\u79ef\u7d2f\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\uff1b\u53e6\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u73af\u4fdd\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u6e7f\u5730\u5e72\u6db8\u7684\u751f\u6001\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u800c\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u5b83\u7ed9\u4eba\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u5ffd\u89c6\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u6e7f\u5730\u6b63\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u727a\u7272\u54c1\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9a6c\u91cc\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u5185\u5c3c\u65e5\u5c14\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u3002\u8fd9\u5757\u6e7f\u5730\u7684\u9762\u79ef\u4e0e\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u76f8\u5f53\uff0c\u662f\u897f\u975e\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6cb3\u6d41\u5c3c\u65e5\u5c14\u6cb3\u6d41\u7ecf\u53e4\u57ce\u5ef7\u5df4\u56fe\u514b\u9644\u8fd1\u5e73\u5766\u7684\u6c99\u6f20\u533a\u65f6\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8be5\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u5438\u5f15\u7740\u6765\u81ea\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u8fc1\u5f99\u6c34\u9e1f\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4e5f\u662f\u9a6c\u91cc\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u8d2b\u56f0\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\u76f8\u5bf9\u6700\u5bcc\u9976\u7684\u5730\u533a\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8377\u5170\u6c34\u6587\u5b66\u8005\u5229\u5965&middot;\u5179\u74e6\u8328\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u6e14\u4e1a\u8d44\u6e90\u5360\u9a6c\u91cc\u6e14\u4e1a\u8d44\u6e90\u603b\u91cf\u768480%\uff0c\u517b\u80b2\u7740\u5168\u56fd60%\u7684\u7272\u755c\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u4e868%\u7684\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c\uff0c\u7ef4\u7cfb\u7740 200\u4e07\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u8ba1\uff0c\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u768414%\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u9c7c\u83b7\u4ece\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u6cbf\u5cb8\u96c6\u9547\u83ab\u666e\u63d0\uff08Mopti\uff09\u51fa\u53e3\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a\u897f\u975e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u9a6c\u91cc\u653f\u5e9c\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u4e0a\u6e38\u7684\u9a6c\u5361\u62c9\u5927\u575d\uff08Markala barrage\uff09\u4ece\u5c3c\u65e5\u5c14\u6cb3\u4e2d\u5f15\u6c34\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u704c\u6e89\u6c99\u6f20\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6c34\u7a3b\u3001\u68c9\u82b1\u7b49\u9ad8\u8017\u6c34\u4f5c\u7269\u3002\u5179\u74e6\u8328\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u6bcf\u5e74\u5728\u4e30\u6c34\u671f\u88ab\u6d2a\u6c34\u6df9\u6ca1\u7684\u9762\u79ef\u6700\u591a\u53ef\u51cf\u5c117%\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u68ee\u6797\u3001\u9c7c\u7c7b\u548c\u7267\u8349\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u56e0\u6b64\u79bb\u5f00\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u50cf\u7ecf\u5e38\u89c1\u8bf8\u62a5\u7aef\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u9a6c\u91cc\u4eba\u90a3\u6837\u4ece\u5229\u6bd4\u4e9a\u4e58\u8239\u524d\u5f80\u610f\u5927\u5229\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5c1a\u672a\u53ef\u77e5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-002ecf5f-211d-5ca1-1752-99981ecd1141\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"The\u00a0Markala Barrage in Mali, which diverts water from the River Niger for irrigating crops such as rice and cotton.\u00a0\" src=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/3594\/5-markala-barrage_web.jpg\" style=\"border: none; width: 100%; height: 100%;\" \/><\/span><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-a65c5113-21ea-ae8a-9867-ecb3ad0fed60\"><span class=\"caption\">\u9a6c\u91cc\u7684\u9a6c\u5361\u62c9\u5927\u575d\uff0c\u5f15\u5c3c\u65e5\u5c14\u6cb3\u6c34\u704c\u6e89\u6c34\u7a3b\u3001\u68c9\u82b1\u7b49\u4f5c\u7269\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aFRED PEARCE\/YALE E360<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u5c11\u91cf\u6d41\u51fa\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u5feb\u6f14\u53d8\u6210\u79fb\u6c11\u5927\u6f6e\u3002\u4eca\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u9a6c\u91cc\u4e0a\u6e38\u7684\u51e0\u5185\u4e9a<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wetlands.org\/blog\/announcement-build-guinea-dam-bypasses-regional-collaborative-process\/\">\u5ba3\u5e03<\/a>\u6279\u51c6\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u5728\u6cb3\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u5904\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u5ea7\u5de8\u578b\u6c34\u7535\u5927\u575d&mdash;&mdash;\u4f5b\u7c73\u6c34\u575d\uff0c\u6700\u5feb\u53ef\u80fd\u572812\u6708\u52a8\u5de5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-a65c5113-21ea-ae8a-9867-ecb3ad0fed60\">\u4f5b\u7c73\u6c34\u575d\u843d\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u6e7f\u5730\u751f\u6001\u7684\u6d2a\u6cdb\u5468\u671f\u5c06\u88ab\u66f4\u52a0\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6cb3\u9053\u6d41\u91cf\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c\u9a6c\u91cc\u653f\u5e9c\u6253\u7b97\u501f\u6b64\u5b9e\u73b0\u5176\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06\u5c3c\u65e5\u5c14\u6cb3\u6cbf\u5cb8\u7684\u4f5c\u7269\u704c\u6e89\u9762\u79ef\u6269\u5927\u4e09\u500d\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u6e7f\u5730\u56fd\u9645\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u6c34\u575d\u548c\u704c\u6e89\u8ba1\u5212\u4e8c\u8005\u53e0\u52a0\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u7684\u6e14\u83b7\u91cf\u548c\u7267\u573a\u9762\u79ef\u51cf\u5c1130%\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;\u6d41\u5165\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u7684\u6c34\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6d2a\u6c34\u6c34\u4f4d\u4e0b\u964d\u3001\u6f2b\u6ee9\u9762\u79ef\u51cf\u5c0f\uff0c&rdquo;\u6e7f\u5730\u56fd\u9645\u9a6c\u91cc\u5206\u90e8\u7684\u5361\u9686\u52a0&middot;\u51ef\u5854\u8bf4\u3002&ldquo;\u8fd9\u5c06\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u7cae\u98df\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9c7c\u7c7b\u3001\u7272\u755c\u548c\u6d6e\u7a3b\u3002&rdquo;<\/span><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-a65c5113-21ea-ae8a-9867-ecb3ad0fed60\">\u4ed6\u62c5\u5fc3\u6e7f\u5730\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6d41\u5931\u5c06<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wetlands.org\/news\/new-irrigation-plans-threaten-food-production-inner-niger-delta\/\">\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-a65c5113-21ea-ae8a-9867-ecb3ad0fed60\">\u4ece\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u5230\u6e7f\u5730\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u52a8\u8361\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u79fb\u6c11\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u9519\u7efc\u590d\u6742\u3002\u6e7f\u5730\u4e27\u5931\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u8428\u8d6b\u52d2\u5730\u533a\u4eba\u53e3\u5916\u6d41\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u53ef\u53d8\u6027\u6781\u5f3a\uff0c\u79fb\u6c11\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u751f\u5b58\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u8428\u8d6b\u52d2\u5730\u533a\u6e7f\u5730\u7684\u5371\u9669\u72b6\u6001\u6b63\u5728\u6539\u53d8\u8fd9\u4e00\u5730\u533a\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u6e7f\u5730\u662f\u5e72\u65f1\u6216\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u907f\u96be\u6240\uff0c\u90a3\u91cc\u5f88\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u906d\u9047\u6700\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5e72\u65f1\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f9d\u7136\u6709\u6c34\u3002\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6e7f\u5730\u7684\u5e72\u6db8\uff0c\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u5916\u6d41\u52a8\u3002\u66fe\u7ecf\u7684\u6682\u65f6\u6027\u5c40\u90e8\u4eba\u53e3\u6d41\u52a8\u5982\u4eca\u6b63\u53d8\u6210\u6c38\u4e45\u7684\u6d32\u9645\u8fc1\u5f99\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\n<span id=\"docs-internal-guid-a65c5113-21ea-ae8a-9867-ecb3ad0fed60\">\u4f5c\u8005\u4e3a\u672c\u62a5\u9053\u8d74\u585e\u5185\u52a0\u5c14\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6e7f\u5730\u56fd\u9645\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-a65c5113-21ea-ae8a-9867-ecb3ad0fed60\">\u672c\u6587\u539f\u8f7d\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/e360.yale.edu\/features\/how-africas-big-water-projects-helped-trigger-the-migrant-crisis\">\u8036\u9c81360<\/a>\uff0c\u672c\u7ad9\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u8f6c\u8f7d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-a65c5113-21ea-ae8a-9867-ecb3ad0fed60\">\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1aYAN<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5927\u578b\u6c34\u575d\u548c\u704c\u6e89\u5de5\u7a0b\u5bfc\u81f4\u975e\u6d32\u8428\u8d6b\u52d2\u5730\u533a\u6c11\u4f17\u8d56\u4ee5\u4e3a\u751f\u7684\u6e7f\u5730\u5e72\u6db8\uff0c\u5927\u6279\u73af\u5883\u96be\u6c11\u6d8c\u5411\u6b27\u6d32\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":694,"featured_media":59871,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[772,779],"tags":[675,633],"hashtags":[],"country":[],"class_list":["post-43829","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-772","category-779","tag-hydropower-zh","tag-wetlands-zh"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - 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