{"id":43938,"date":"2018-04-20T11:40:00","date_gmt":"2018-04-20T11:40:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-22T23:18:15","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T23:18:15","slug":"43938","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/7\/43938\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6e05\u6d01\u5e02\u5185\u7a7a\u6c14\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u7529\u5f00\u519c\u6751\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u968f\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd&ldquo;\u5411\u6c61\u67d3\u5ba3\u6218&rdquo;\uff0c\u7164\u70ad\u6d88\u8d39\u91cf\u5728\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u7eff\u8272\u6280\u672f\u3001\u80fd\u6e90\u548c\u5efa\u7b51\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u57ce\u533a\u5185\u7684\u5de5\u5382\u4e5f\u8981\u4e48\u88ab\u8fc1\u51fa\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u88ab\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u81ea2014\u5e74\u8fd9\u4e00\u653f\u7b56\u5ba3\u5e03\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u6709\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u6539\u5584\u3002\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u65b0\u7684<a 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Clinic\uff09\u548c\u4f18\u601d\u5efa\u7b51\u4e8b\u52a1\u6240\uff08SuperImpose Architecture\uff09\u5171\u540c\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u9020\u66f4\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u672a\u6765\u5ba4\u5185\u4eba\u5c45\u73af\u5883\u548c\u529e\u516c\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&ldquo;\u76f8\u6bd4\u51e0\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u672c\u5730\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u4ee5\u524d\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56fd\u5916\u5ba2\u6237\uff0c&rdquo;\u73af\u5883\u987e\u95ee\u516c\u53f8&ldquo;\u5883\u7eaf\u73af\u5883&rdquo;\u5de5\u7a0b\u603b\u76d1\u6c64\u59c6&middot;\u6c83\u68ee\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6c61\u67d3\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bcc\u88d5\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u8868\u73b0\u51fa&ldquo;\u7528\u811a\u6295\u7968&rdquo;\u7684\u503e\u5411\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.aeaweb.org\/doi\/pdfplus\/10.1257\/jep.31.1.71\">\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7814\u7a76<\/a>\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u53d7\u6c61\u67d3\u8857\u533a\u7684\u623f\u5730\u4ea7\u4ef7\u683c\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u8857\u533a\u5e73\u5747\u4f4e4%\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&ldquo;\u4eba\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u516c\u53f8\u7167\u987e\u7684\u611f\u89c9&mdash;&mdash;\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5728\u94b1\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u516c\u53f8\u4e3a\u4e86\u6539\u5584\u5458\u5de5\u798f\u7949\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c&rdquo;&ldquo;\u4ef2\u91cf\u8054\u884c&rdquo;\u5927\u4e2d\u534e\u533a\u80fd\u6e90\u53ca\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u603b\u76d1\u5434\u65ed\u8d85\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u5ba4\u5185\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e5f\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u96c7\u4e3b\u30022017\u5e74\uff0c\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u5065\u5eb7\u4e0e\u5168\u7403\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e00\u9879\u5177\u6709\u5212\u65f6\u4ee3\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7eff\u8272\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d\u5c45\u4f4f\u8005\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u66f4\u9ad8\u3001\u75be\u75c5\u75c7\u72b6\u66f4\u5c11\u3001\u7761\u7720\u8d28\u91cf\u4e5f\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u9879<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w22328.pdf\">2016\u5e74\u7684\u7814\u7a76<\/a>\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u79f0\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u5ba4\u5185\u7a7a\u6c14\u5065\u5eb7\u5e02\u573a\u98de\u901f\u589e\u957f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u57ce\u5e02\u5c45\u6c11\uff0c\u6709\u8bc1\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u5ba4\u5185\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u57ce\u4e61\u5dee\u8ddd\u5728\u6269\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&ldquo;\u4e2d\u592e\u5df2\u7ecf\u8868\u793a\u8981\u51c0\u5316\u7a7a\u6c14\u3001\u6c34\u548c\u571f\u58e4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u7ed9\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u5458\u65bd\u538b\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u5458\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c&rdquo;\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u56fd\u672a\u6765\u57ce\u5e02\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u9879\u76ee\u4e3b\u4efb\u90d1\u601d\u9f50\u6559\u6388\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&ldquo;\u4f46\u4e2d\u56fd\u6709\u51e0\u767e\u5ea7\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u8d2b\u56f0\u5730\u533a\u4ecd\u65e7\u628a\u4fc3\u589e\u957f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9996\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u73af\u4fdd\u65b9\u9762\u4f1a\u843d\u540e\u3002&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>\u7eff\u8272\u548c\u5e73\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/eastasia\/press\/releases\/climate-energy\/2018\/PM25-in-Beijing-down-54-nationwide-air-quality-improvements-slow-as-coal-use-increases\/\">\u5206\u6790<\/a>\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c2017\u5e74\u7b2c\u56db\u5b63\u5ea6\u5317\u4eac\u3001\u5929\u6d25\u7b4928\u5ea7\u57ce\u5e02\u7684PM2.5\u6c34\u5e73\u540c\u6bd4\u4e0b\u964d\u4e8633.1%\u3002\u4f46\u4ece\u5168\u5e74\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5168\u56fdPM2.5\u6c34\u5e73\u4ec5\u4e0b\u964d4.5%\uff0c\u662f2013\u5e74\u6765\u6700\u4f4e\u7684\u4e00\u5e74\u3002\u5728\u9ed1\u9f99\u6c5f\u3001\u5b89\u5fbd\u3001\u6c5f\u897f\u3001\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7b49\u8f83\u8d2b\u56f0\u7684\u519c\u6751\u7701\u4efd\uff0c\u6c61\u67d3\u6c34\u5e73\u53cd\u800c\u4e0a\u5347\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57ce\u4e61\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fd9\u4e00\u5dee\u8ddd\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u663e\u8457\u7684\u957f\u671f\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c2004\u5e74<a 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