{"id":43999,"date":"2018-07-20T09:40:00","date_gmt":"2018-07-20T09:40:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-22T23:18:35","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T23:18:35","slug":"43999","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/uncategorized-zh\/43999\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201c\u96f6\u65e5\u201d\u6c34\u8352\u64e6\u80a9\u800c\u8fc7\uff0c\u5f00\u666e\u6566\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u6572\u54cd\u8b66\u949f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u6309\u7167\u9884\u4f30\uff0c\u5f00\u666e\u6566\u539f\u672c\u4f1a\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2018\/02\/20\/africa\/cape-town-day-zero-delayed-intl\/index.html\">2018\u5e744\u670812\u65e5<\/a>\u8fce\u6765\u6c34\u8352\uff0c370\u4e07\u5c45\u6c11\u5c06\u9677\u5165\u65e0\u6c34\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7a98\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u5e45\u524a\u51cf\u5e02\u653f\u7528\u6c34\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7d27\u6025\u8c03\u914d<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2018\/02\/05\/africa\/cape-town-day-zero-intl\/index.html\">\u519c\u4e1a\u7528\u6c34<\/a>\uff0c\u8fd9\u573a\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90&ldquo;\u96f6\u65e5&rdquo;\u5371\u673a\u6700\u7ec8\u4fa5\u5e78\u5f97\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/bold-steps-are-needed-toward-a-new-normal-that-allocates-water-fairly-in-south-africa-92191\">\u75db\u82e6\u548c\u6709\u5931\u516c\u5e73\u7684<\/a>\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u4e89\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f00\u666e\u6566\u6210\u529f\u5ef6\u7f13\u4e86\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90&ldquo;\u96f6\u65e5&rdquo;\u5371\u673a\u7684\u5230\u6765\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u662f\u5426\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f00\u666e\u6566\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u5907\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5e94\u5bf9&ldquo;\u6c34\u8352&rdquo;\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u8fd9\u6837\u8ba4\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u9884\u793a\u7740<a 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href=\"https:\/\/hdr.undp.org\/sites\/default\/files\/reports\/267\/hdr06-complete.pdf\">\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u5584\u9020\u6210\u7684<\/a>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u4f9b\u5e94\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u51cf\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u964d\u6c34\u91cf\u4f4e\u4e8e\u5e73\u5747\u6c34\u5e73\u662f\u9020\u6210\u5f00\u666e\u6566\u672c\u6b21\u6c34&ldquo;\u5371\u673a&rdquo;\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u76d1\u7ba1\u90e8\u95e8\u884c\u52a8\u8fdf\u7f13\u3001\u5e94\u5bf9<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/cape-town-should-serve-as-a-wake-up-call-for-managing-water-in-south-africa-91107\">\u4e0d\u8db3<\/a>\u5219\u8ba9\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6076\u5316\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u7531\u8c01\u6765\u8d1f\u8d23\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f55\u65f6\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u6211\u4eec\u59d1\u4e14\u4e0d\u8c08\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u4eba\u4eec\u4f9d\u7136\u5728\u7528\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\u770b\u5f85\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684&ldquo;\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027&rdquo;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2016\u5e74\uff0c\u5f00\u666e\u6566\u5e72\u65f1\u52a0\u5267\uff0c\u4f46\u8be5\u5e02\u7684\u6c34\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u4eec\u5374\u4ecd\u7136\u81ea\u4fe1\u6ee1\u6ee1\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f9b\u6c34\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u62b5\u5fa1\u8fd9\u573a\u81ea\u7136\u707e\u5bb3\u3002\u9ad8\u5c42\u5de5\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5f00\u666e\u6566\u7684\u4f9b\u6c34\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u5bf9\u6297\u4e25\u91cd\u5e72\u65f1\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u7740\u72ec\u4e00\u65e0\u4e8c\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5927\u5f20\u65d7\u9f13\u5ba3\u4f20\u7684\u7528<a href=\"https:\/\/greencape.co.za\/assets\/Sector-files\/water\/Water-conservation-and-demand-management-WCDM\/CoCT-Long-term-water-conservation-and-water-demand-management-strategy-2007.pdf\">\u6c34\u9700\u6c42\u7ba1\u7406\u6218\u7565<\/a>\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\u7684\u7684\u786e\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u9053\u7406&mdash;&mdash;<a href=\"https:\/\/thebulletin.org\/what-cape-town-learned-its-drought11698\">2016\u5e74<\/a>\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9700\u6c42\u4fa7\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5f00\u666e\u6566\u65e5\u5747\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u91cf\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0b\u964d\u4e86<a href=\"https:\/\/thebulletin.org\/what-cape-town-learned-its-drought11698\">50%<\/a>\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\u5230\u5e95\u51fa\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u9700\u6c42\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u5168\u7403\u964d\u96e8\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0d<a href=\"https:\/\/www.access.ac.za\/access-position-on-the-winter-rainfall-in-the-western-cape\/\">\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u9010\u6b65\u589e\u52a0<\/a>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5168\u7403\u591a\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e25\u5cfb\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f00\u666e\u6566\u7684\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5<a href=\"https:\/\/www.access.ac.za\/access-position-on-the-winter-rainfall-in-the-western-cape\/\">\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u5e94\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898<\/a>\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/mymedia.leeds.ac.uk\/Mediasite\/Showcase\/default\/Presentation\/e282379b1eda4fd983b4233eca4d448c1d\">\u5f00\u666e\u6566\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458<\/a>\u6700\u8fd1\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u6765\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u4f9b\u9700\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u4f4e\u4f30\u4e86\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u7cfb\u7edf\u5931\u6548\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5f00\u666e\u6566\u7684\u4f9b\u6c34\u7cfb\u7edf\u5176\u5b9e\u5df2\u7ecf\u51e0\u8fd1\u5d29\u6e83\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9700\u6c42\u4fa7\u7ba1\u7406\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u6781\u9650\u3002\u4ece\u53bb\u5e74\u4e0b\u534a\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5f00\u666e\u6566\u89c4\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4eba\u6bcf\u5929\u7528\u6c34\u91cf\u4e0d\u5f97\u8d85\u8fc787\u516c\u5347\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e0a\u9650\u53c8\u4e0b\u964d\u5230\u4e86<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/world\/cape-town-graphics-water-1.4577289\">\u6bcf\u4eba\u6bcf\u592950\u516c\u5347<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/4310\/1280px-Theewaterskloof_sandscape_2018-03-11_meitu_2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/4310\/1280px-Theewaterskloof_sandscape_2018-03-11_meitu_2.jpg\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 100%;\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<span class=\"caption\">2018\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u5f00\u666e\u6566\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6c34\u5e93Theewaterskloof\u4ec5\u670911%\u7684\u5e93\u5bb9\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Theewaterskloof_sandscape_2018-03-11.jpg\" title=\"User:Zaian\">Zaian<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f00\u666e\u6566\u59cb\u7ec8\u672a\u80fd\u5c06\u5168\u5e02\u65e5\u5747\u7528\u6c34\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u57285\u4ebf\u516c\u5347\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8be5\u5e02\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u96e8\u5b63\u6765\u4e34\u4e4b\u524d\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u8f6c\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e02\u957f\u6307\u8d23\u5e02\u6c11\u6d6a\u8d39\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.capetown.gov.za\/Media-and-news\/Day%20Zero%20now%20likely%20to%20happen%20%E2%80%93%20new%20emergency%20measures\">\u8c34\u8d23<\/a>\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u5c45\u6c11\u4eec\u4e0d\u5b88\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002\u4e0d\u65ad\u7f29\u51cf\u7684\u9650\u6c34\u76ee\u6807\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u96be\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7ee7\u7684\u957f\u671f\u7ba1\u7406\u6218\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7f13\u51b2\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u6062\u590d\u529b\u7684\u5173\u952e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;\u96f6\u65e5&rdquo;\u6c34\u8352\u6700\u7ec8\u5f97\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u9760\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fa\u4eba\u610f\u6599\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thesouthafrican.com\/grabouw-dam-cape-town-water\/\">\u4e34\u65f6\u8c03\u914d\u519c\u4e1a\u7528\u6c34<\/a>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u8f83\u5bcc\u88d5\u7684\u8857\u533a\u5b89\u88c5<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsecuritybeat.org\/2018\/04\/avoiding-water-crisis-whats-cape-town-beyond\/\">\u5c0f\u578b\u4f4f\u5b85\u4e2d\u6c34\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5c0f\u53e3\u5f84\u6c34\u4e95<\/a>\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u524d\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u589e\u52a0\u4f9b\u6c34\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u524a\u51cf\u5e02\u653f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7528\u6c34\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.westerncape.gov.za\/110green\/files\/atoms\/files\/Water%20Outlook%202018%20%28Rev%2024%29%2017%20April%202018_0.pdf\">\u519c\u4e1a\u7528\u6c34\u914d\u7ed9\u91cf<\/a>\u4e0d\u4f1a\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u800c\u5730\u4e0b\u6c34\u5f00\u91c7\u7684\u957f\u671f\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f13\u51b2\u65b9\u6cd5\u660e\u5e74\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u6548\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fc7\u53bb\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u5f00\u666e\u6566\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5e73\u6291\u7528\u6c34\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6ea2\u6f0f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5f00\u5c55\u538b\u529b\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u8fd9\u8ba9\u5f00\u666e\u6566\u7684\u4f9b\u6c34\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u5f97<a 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