{"id":60037699,"date":"2024-06-06T12:22:37","date_gmt":"2024-06-06T11:22:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/uncategorized-zh\/bhutan-explores-controlled-burning-of-mountainsides-2\/"},"modified":"2024-07-05T10:41:01","modified_gmt":"2024-07-05T09:41:01","slug":"60037699","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/2\/60037699\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e0d\u4e39\u7267\u573a\u7684\u53ef\u63a7\u711a\u70e7\u63a2\u7d22"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u4eca\u5e74\uff0c\u91ce\u706b\u5e2d\u5377\u5174\u90fd\u5e93\u4ec0\u5c71\u8109\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u5317\u963f\u574e\u5fb7\u90a6\u5931\u53bb\u4e86<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newslaundry.com\/2024\/05\/18\/uttarakhand-forests-across-1500-hectares-burned-in-a-year-were-fire-lines-drawn-to-prevent-it\">1500\u591a\u516c\u9877\u7684\u68ee\u6797<\/a>\uff0c\u5c3c\u6cca\u5c14\u57283\u6708\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6570\u767e\u8d77\u68ee\u6797\u706b\u707e\uff0c4\u6708\u4efd\u66f4\u662f\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.icimod.org\/clean-air\/nepals-air-quality-plummets-experts-urge-focus-on-forest-fires\/\">1000\u591a\u8d77<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u706b\u707e\u4ee4\u4eba\u6050\u60e7\uff0c\u7834\u574f\u529b\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u4e07\u591a\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\u7684\u4e2d<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.org\/en-us\/about-us\/where-we-work\/united-states\/virginia\/stories-in-virginia\/allegheny-highlands-program\/\">\u963f\u5df4\u62c9\u5951\u4e9a\u5c71\u8109<\/a>\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2019\/nov\/21\/wildfire-prescribed-burns-california-native-americans\">\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u68ee\u6797<\/a>\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41561-024-01388-3\">\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a<\/a>\uff0c\u5f53\u5730\u793e\u533a\u90fd\u4e00\u76f4\u5229\u7528\u706b\u70e7\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u68ee\u6797\u548c\u7267\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/theleaflet.in\/how-colonial-era-forest-policies-led-to-the-wildfires-of-today\/\">\u6b96\u6c11\u65f6\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765<\/a>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u505a\u6cd5\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bb8\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u90fd\u906d\u5230\u7981\u6b62\u3002\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4fdd\u80b2\u754c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u4ee5\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5ba1\u614e\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u53ef\u63a7\u711a\u70e7\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u5065\u5eb7\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u690d\u7269\u751f\u957f\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8425\u517b\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u53ef\u5229\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u63a7\u5236\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7269\u79cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5168\u7403\u6c14\u6e29\u4e0a\u5347\u5bfc\u81f4\u5929\u6c14\u66f4\u52a0\u5e72\u71e5\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u7981\u6b62\u711a\u70e7\u548c\u8fd1\u5e74\u5165\u4fb5\u7269\u79cd\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u751f\u7269\u91cf\u79ef\u7d2f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5305\u62ec\u5174\u90fd\u5e93\u4ec0-\u559c\u9a6c\u62c9\u96c5\u5730\u533a\u5728\u5185\u7684\u68ee\u6797\u5730\u533a\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6613\u71c3\uff0c\u706b\u707e\u9891\u53d1\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u610f\u5473\u7740\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u65f6\u5019\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6\u4e00\u4e0b\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u6797\u706b\u7ba1\u7406\u6280\u672f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-\u704c\u6728\u5165\u4fb5\u4e0d\u4e39\u7267\u573a\">\u704c\u6728\u5165\u4fb5\u4e0d\u4e39\u7267\u573a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e0d\u4e39\u4e2d\u90e8\u5ef7\u5e03\u5b97\u7701\u7684\u6885\u65fa\u683c\u7a9d\uff08Gewog\uff0c\u7531\u51e0\u4e2a\u6751\u5e84\u6784\u6210\u7684\u884c\u653f\u5355\u4f4d\uff09\uff0c\u4f4e\u53ef\u98df\u6027\u704c\u6728\u6b63\u5728\u5165\u4fb5\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u9ad8\u6d77\u62d4\u8349\u539f\u3002\u675c\u9e43\u82b1\u548c\u5c0f\u6a97\u5c5e\u704c\u6728\u5728\u5f00\u9614\u7684\u8349\u539f\u4e0a\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u4fb5\u5360\u4e86\u672c\u5df2\u6709\u9650\u7684\u653e\u7267\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e54\u677e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/321265773_THE_MANAGEMENT_OF_BLUE_PINE_PINUS_WALLICHIANA_IN_THE_TEMPERATE_CONIFER_FORESTS_OF_BHUTAN_A_Report_Submitted_to_Asst_Prof_Damrong_Pipatwattanakul_Ph_D_as_part_of_the_learning_experience_and_in_fulfilme\">\u751f\u547d\u529b\u7279\u522b\u987d\u5f3a\u7684\u6811\u79cd<\/a>\uff0c\u5176\u5e7c\u82d7\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u8302\u5bc6\u7684\u6742\u8349\u548c\u704c\u6728\u4e1b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u80fd\u8301\u58ee\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u68ee\u6797\u4e2d\u7684\u690d\u88ab\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u5bfc\u81f4\u6c34\u6e90<a href=\"https:\/\/kathmandupost.com\/climate-environment\/2019\/12\/21\/we-have-too-many-pines-and-it-s-not-a-good-thing\">\u67af\u7aed<\/a>\u3002\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6811\u7684\u6811\u76ae\u8584\u3001\u6613\u9f9f\u88c2\uff0c\u6781\u6613\u71c3\u70e7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4f7f\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5730\u533a\u9762\u4e34\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u706b\u707e\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-article-image aligncenter block--article-image block--article-image--article\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"block--article-image__column\"><div class=\"hide-expand block--article-image__image\"><img class=\"lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Bhutan-invasive-shrubs-mountainside_ICIMOD.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Bhutan-invasive-shrubs-mountainside_ICIMOD-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Bhutan-invasive-shrubs-mountainside_ICIMOD-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Bhutan-invasive-shrubs-mountainside_ICIMOD.jpg 2560w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 768px, (max-width: 1024px) 1024px, 2560px\" alt=\"A mountainside scene of pine trees and dry shrubs\"\/><\/div><div class=\"block--article-image__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--article-image__caption\">\u7267\u573a\u4e0a\u8fc7\u5ea6\u751f\u957f\u7684\u704c\u6728\u548c\u6063\u610f\u8513\u5ef6\u7684\u4e54\u677e\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4f9b\u91ce\u751f\u6709\u8e44\u7c7b\u52a8\u7269\u548c\u7272\u755c\u98df\u7528\u7684\u7267\u8349\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aShaoliang Yi\/\u56fd\u9645\u5c71\u5730\u7efc\u5408\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08ICIMOD\uff09<\/div><\/div><\/div><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Bhutan-invasive-shrubs-mountainside_ICIMOD.jpg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"2 MB\"\/><meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"1920\"\/><meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"2560\"\/><meta itemprop=\"author\"\/><meta itemprop=\"representativeOfPage\" content=\"true\"\/><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fc7\u53bb\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e39\u5728\u653f\u7b56\u4e0a\u9650\u5236\u711a\u70e7\u7b49\u4f20\u7edf\u7267\u573a\u7ba1\u7406\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7267\u573a\u758f\u4e8e\u6253\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u4ece\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u7269\u7406\u6e05\u9664\u6728\u672c\u704c\u6728\u548c\u5165\u4fb5\u690d\u7269\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-\u653e\u7267\u793e\u533a\u7684\u56f0\u5883\">\u653e\u7267\u793e\u533a\u7684\u56f0\u5883<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>27\u5c81\u7684\u7d22\u5357\u00b7\u7b56\u6797\uff08Sonam Tshering\uff09\u662f\u5ef7\u5e03\u5b97\u5df4\u6851\u7684\u4e00\u540d\u7267\u6c11\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7236\u6bcd\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u8001\u5927\uff0c\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u63a5\u53d7\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u755c\u7267\u4e1a\u517b\u5bb6\u7cca\u53e3\u3002\u4ed6\u653e\u726781\u5934\u7266\u725b\uff0c\u517b\u6d3b\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u5bb6\u4e09\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u7ef4\u6301\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u7d22\u5357\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u7267\u573a\u90c1\u90c1\u8471\u8471\uff0c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7266\u725b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u9972\u6599\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u540c\u4e86\uff0c\u8349\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c11\u3002\u8349\u8d8a\u5c11\uff0c\u7266\u725b\u5c31\u8d8a\u4e0d\u5065\u5eb7\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7d22\u5357\u8bf4\uff0c\u7267\u8349\u7684\u591a\u5be1\u548c\u4f18\u52a3\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u7266\u725b\u7684\u8425\u517b\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u4ed6\u773c\u89c1\u7740\u7266\u725b\u4e00\u5b63\u6bd4\u4e00\u5b63\u5f31\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6ca1\u6709\u6d3b\u529b\uff0c\u725b\u5976\u548c\u5976\u916a\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u4ea7\u91cf\u4e5f\u90fd\u5728\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5219\u8981\u7528\u6765\u5236\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u540d\u4e3a\u8f66\u5c14\u76ae\uff08chhurpi\uff09\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u786c\u8d28\u5976\u916a\u3002&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-article-image aligncenter block--article-image block--article-image--article\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"block--article-image__column\"><div class=\"hide-expand block--article-image__image\"><img class=\"lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Sonam-Tshering-Bhutan-yak-herder_ICIMOD-.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Sonam-Tshering-Bhutan-yak-herder_ICIMOD--768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Sonam-Tshering-Bhutan-yak-herder_ICIMOD--1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Sonam-Tshering-Bhutan-yak-herder_ICIMOD-.jpg 2560w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 768px, (max-width: 1024px) 1024px, 2560px\" alt=\"Two people stand outside a low wooden house in a mountainous area\"\/><\/div><div class=\"block--article-image__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--article-image__caption\">\u7266\u725b\u7267\u6c11\u7d22\u5357\u00b7\u5207\u6797\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e0d\u4e39\u5ef7\u5e03\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u7267\u573a\u9000\u5316\u6b63\u5728\u5f71\u54cd\u7267\u6c11\u793e\u533a\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u751f\u8ba1\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aSushmita Kunwar \/ ICIMOD<\/div><\/div><\/div><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Sonam-Tshering-Bhutan-yak-herder_ICIMOD-.jpg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"2 MB\"\/><meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"1920\"\/><meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"2560\"\/><meta itemprop=\"author\"\/><meta itemprop=\"representativeOfPage\" content=\"true\"\/><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7d22\u5357\u548c\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u50cf\u4ed6\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u672a\u6765\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5c71\u533a\u7267\u573a\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u4e39\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/bhutan.eregulations.org\/media\/LLRR_2018.pdf\">2018\u5e74\u571f\u5730\u79df\u8d41\u6761\u4f8b<\/a>\u300b\uff08Land Lease Rules and Regulations 2018\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7267\u573a\u5df2\u88ab\u56fd\u6709\u5316\u5e76\u79df\u8d41\u7ed9\u7267\u6c11\uff0c\u7267\u6c11\u73b0\u5728\u4e5f\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3a\u6062\u590d\u5305\u62ec\u7528\u706b\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5b9e\u8df5\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-\u6062\u590d\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\">\u6062\u590d\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5174\u90fd\u5e93\u4ec0-\u559c\u9a6c\u62c9\u96c5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u7267\u573a\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u4e16\u4ee3\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u751f\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u8bb8\u591a\u5f00\u9614\u7684\u7267\u573a\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4e9a\u9ad8\u5c71\u5e26\u68ee\u6797\u4e2d\u7684\u7267\u573a\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u671f\u711a\u70e7\u7b49\u4eba\u7c7b\u6d3b\u52a8\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u7ef4\u6301\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u711a\u70e7\u6cd5\u5df2\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u7267\u573a\u7269\u79cd\u4fb5\u5360\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0140196314000846\">\u6210\u672c\u6548\u76ca<\/a>\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5c0f\u6a97\u7b49\u9ad8\u5927\u704c\u6728\u548c\u4e54\u677e\u7b49\u6811\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u3002\u9cde\u817a\u675c\u9e43\uff08<em>Rhododendron lepidotum<\/em>\uff09\u7b49\u77ee\u5c0f\u704c\u6728\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4f4e\u53ef\u98df\u6027\u690d\u7269\u4e00\u8d77\u71c3\u70e7\u3002\u6742\u8349\u548c\u5165\u4fb5\u7269\u79cd\u5219\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\uff1a\u7269\u7406\u6e05\u9664\u3001\u65bd\u7528\u9664\u8349\u5242\u3001\u91cd\u65b0\u64ad\u79cd\u7406\u60f3\u7269\u79cd\u548c\u5145\u5206\u7684\u8425\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u6240\u6709\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5f97\u5230\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u8bc1\u636e\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u5357\u4e3a\u6307\u5bfc\u3002&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" 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