{"id":74874,"date":"2022-02-03T14:37:17","date_gmt":"2022-02-03T14:37:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinadialogue.net\/uncategorized-zh\/eu-carbon-tax-puts-a-price-on-shipping-emissions-2\/"},"modified":"2022-02-08T09:04:57","modified_gmt":"2022-02-08T09:04:57","slug":"74874","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/3\/74874\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6b27\u76df\u62df\u5bf9\u822a\u8fd0\u6392\u653e\u5f81\u6536\u78b3\u7a0e"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u5168\u7403\u822a\u8fd0\u4e1a\u6bcf\u5e74\u6392\u653e\u7ea610\u4ebf\u5428\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u5360<a href=\"https:\/\/theicct.org\/sites\/default\/files\/publications\/Global-shipping-GHG-emissions-2013-2015_ICCT-Report_17102017_vF.pdf\">\u5168\u7403\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u76843%<\/a>\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bba\u575b\uff08World Economic 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href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2020\/08\/04\/major-ship-emissions-study-flags-bigger-role-governments\/\">90%\u81f3130%<\/a>\u3002\u800c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fbe\u5230\u300a\u5df4\u9ece\u534f\u5b9a\u300b\u6240\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u5168\u7403\u6e29\u63a7\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u9700\u8981\u5728\u672c\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\u8fbe\u5230\u51c0\u96f6\u6392\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u56fd\u9645\u6d77\u4e0a\u822a\u8fd0\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u673a\u6784\u56fd\u9645\u6d77\u4e8b\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08IMO\uff09\u4e00\u76f4\u56e0\u4e3a\u672a\u80fd\u59a5\u5584\u5e94\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u5371\u673a\u7684\u7d27\u8feb\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fdf\u8fdf\u672a\u80fd\u51fa\u53f0\u9650\u6392\u6cd5\u89c4\u800c\u5907\u53d7\u6279\u8bc4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-did-you-know alignright block--did-you-know\"><p 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href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/series\/71631\/\">\u540e\u75ab\u60c5\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u4e2d\u6b27\u5173\u7cfb<\/a>\u300b\u4e13\u9898\u5185\u5bb9<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u6d77\u4e8b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u4e0d\u65ad\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5177\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4fbf\u662f\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u822a\u8fd0\u4e1a\u5f81\u6536\u78b3\u7a0e\u3002\u7279\u522b\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u6d77\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u5347\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u5c9b\u5c7f\u56fd\u5bb6\u547c\u5401\u5bf9\u8239\u7528\u71c3\u6599\u5f81\u6536\u6bcf\u5428100\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u78b3\u7a0e\uff0c\u4f46\u8be5\u63aa\u65bd\u906d\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u3001\u5357\u975e\u7b49\u65b0\u5174\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b27\u76df\u6b63\u7740\u624b\u81ea\u5df1\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u52302030\u5e74\u51cf\u6392\u81f3\u5c1155%\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u6b27\u76df\u6b63\u6839\u636e\u201c\u51cf\u78b355\u201d<a href=\"https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/en\/policies\/green-deal\/eu-plan-for-a-green-transition\/\">\uff08Fit&nbsp;for&nbsp;55\uff09\u4e00\u63fd\u5b50<\/a>\u8ba1\u5212\u4fee\u8ba2\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u3001\u80fd\u6e90\u548c\u4ea4\u901a\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6539\u9769\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u6b27\u76df\u533a\u57df\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u884c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/legislative-train\/theme-a-european-green-deal\/file-fuel-eu-maritime\">\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u71c3\u6599<\/a>\u5f3a\u5236\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u628a\u822a\u8fd0\u6392\u653e\u7eb3\u5165\u6b27\u76df\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u4ea4\u6613\u4f53\u7cfb\uff08ETS\uff09\u7b49\u51e0\u9879\u6d89\u53ca\u822a\u8fd0\u4e1a\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b27\u76df\u8ba1\u5212\u4ece2023\u5e74\u8d77\u628a\u822a\u8fd0\u6392\u653e\u7eb3\u5165ETS\u3002\u8be5\u63aa\u65bd\u751f\u6548\u540e\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u8239\u53ea\u60ac\u6302\u54ea\u56fd\u7684\u8239\u65d7\uff0c\u5176\u6240\u6709\u8005\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u6b27\u76df\u5883\u5185\u822a\u7a0b\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u6392\u653e\u8d2d\u4e70\u6392\u653e\u989d\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ece\u6b27\u76df\u6e2f\u53e3\u51fa\u53d1\u6216\u62b5\u8fbe\u6b27\u76df\u6e2f\u53e3\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u822a\u7ebf\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u4e3a\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u6392\u653e\u8d2d\u4e70\u6392\u653e\u989d\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2023\u5e74\uff0c\u79df\u7528\u5927\u578b\u8239\u8236\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u5176\u505c\u9760\u6b27\u76df\u6e2f\u53e3\u7684\u8239\u53ea\u4ea7\u751f\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nortonrosefulbright.com\/en\/knowledge\/publications\/f5c8d3fa\/eu-ets-and-shipping\">20%\u7684\u6392\u653e\u8d2d\u4e70\u6392\u653e\u914d\u989d<\/a>\uff0c\u52302026\u5e74\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c06\u9010\u6b65\u589e\u81f3100%\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-\">\u6539\u7528\u6e05\u6d01\u71c3\u6599<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u822a\u8fd0\u4e13\u5bb6\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4ec5\u8fd9\u9879\u63aa\u65bd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e\u5168\u7403\u822a\u8fd0\u6392\u653e\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5374\u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6fc0\u53d1\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u8131\u78b3\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u628a\u822a\u8fd0\u6392\u653e\u7eb3\u5165\u6392\u653e\u4ea4\u6613\u4f53\u7cfb\u8fd8\u5c06\u7b79\u96c6\u5927\u91cf\u8d44\u91d1\uff0c\u6b27\u76df\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8fd9\u7b14\u8d44\u91d1\u6765\u52a0\u901f\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4f4e\u78b3\u71c3\u6599\u4ee5\u53ca\u5efa\u8bbe\u53ef\u518d\u751f\u80fd\u6e90\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u603b\u90e8\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5e03\u9c81\u585e\u5c14\u7684\u8fd0\u8f93\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u667a\u5e93\uff08Transport &amp; Environment\uff09\u822a\u8fd0\u9879\u76ee\u4e3b\u7ba1\u6cd5\u4f0a\u683c\u00b7\u963f\u5df4\u7d22\u592b\uff08Faig Abbasov\uff09\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u6b27\u76df\u6392\u653e\u4ea4\u6613\u4f53\u7cfb\u5c06\u8986\u76d610%\u523015%\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u822a\u8fd0\u6392\u653e\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6b27\u76df\u91c7\u53d6\u8fd9\u9879\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u8ba9\u5168\u7403\u822a\u8fd0\u8131\u78b3\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7387\u5148\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\uff08\u5e0c\u671b\uff09\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f1a\u6548\u4eff\uff0cIMO\u4e5f\u4f1a\u505a\u81ea\u5df1\u8be5\u505a\u7684\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6839\u636e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.transportenvironment.org\/discover\/shipping-carbon-price-loophole-lets-millions-of-tonnes-of-co2-off-the-hook\/\">\u8fd0\u8f93\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5206\u6790<\/a>\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc72500\u4e07\u5428\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u2014\u2014\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e39\u9ea6\u7684\u5e74\u6392\u653e\u603b\u91cf&nbsp;\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d7\u8fd9\u9879\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u8be5\u63aa\u65bd\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e5000\u603b\u5428\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8239\u53ea\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e3a\u6d77\u4e0a\u77f3\u6cb9\u548c\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u8bbe\u65bd\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301\u7684\u8239\u53ea\u7b49\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8239\u8236\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u8c41\u514d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<a class=\"wp-block-cd-related-news alignright block--related-news loading\" data-post-id=\"72509\"><div class=\"block--related-news__image\"><\/div><div class=\"block--related-news__content\"><span class=\"block--related-news__heading\">\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><span class=\"block--related-news__title\"><\/span><\/div><\/a>\n\n\n\n<p>\u822a\u8fd0\u51cf\u6392\u9700\u8981\u65b0\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3001\u8239\u53ea\u548c\u71c3\u6599\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u66ff\u4ee3\u71c3\u6599\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u7684\u6c22\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u6210\u672c\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u3002\u5c06\u822a\u8fd0\u6392\u653e\u7eb3\u5165\u6b27\u76df\u6392\u653e\u4ea4\u6613\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u65e8\u5728\u7f29\u5c0f\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u548c\u96f6\u6392\u653e\u66ff\u4ee3\u71c3\u6599\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u5dee\u8ddd\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f7b\u5e95\u6d88\u9664\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0e\u4f26\u6566\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\uff08University College London, \u201cUCL\u201d\uff09\u80fd\u6e90\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6709\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u201c\u5927\u5b66\u6d77\u4e8b\u54a8\u8be2\u670d\u52a1\u201d\uff08University Maritime Advisory Services, \u201cUMAS\u201d\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/www.u-mas.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/UMAS-2021-Harnessing-the-EU-ETS-to-reduce-international-shipping-emissions.pdf\">\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u62a5\u544a<\/a>\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6b27\u76df\u6392\u653e\u4ea4\u6613\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u78b3\u4ef7\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6700\u8fd1\u5904\u4e8e\u6bcf\u5428\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u7ea685\u6b27\u5143\uff08\u7ea6\u540895\u7f8e\u5143\uff09\u7684\u9ad8\u4f4d\uff0c\u5bf9\u7f29\u5c0f\u822a\u8fd0\u4e1a\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u548c\u96f6\u78b3\u71c3\u6599\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u5dee\u8ddd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalmaritimeforum.org\/news\/policy-options-for-closing-the-competitiveness-gap-between-fossil-and-zero-emission-fuels-in-shipping\">\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u5206\u6790<\/a>\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u78b3\u4ef7\u9700\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u5c06\u8fd1200\u7f8e\u5143\/\u5428\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u624d\u80fd\u57282050\u5e74\u524d\u8ba9\u822a\u8fd0\u4e1a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5168\u9762\u8131\u78b3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cETS\u7684[\u78b3]\u4ef7\u683c\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u5927\u91cf\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u201dUMAS\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u3001\u62a5\u544a\u4f5c\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u827e\u8389\u68ee\u00b7\u8096\u535a\u58eb\uff08Dr Alison Shaw\uff09\u8bf4\u3002\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h--1\">\u4e3a\u521b\u65b0\u63d0\u4f9b\u878d\u8d44&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>ETS\u521b\u9020\u7684\u6536\u5165\u4f1a\u88ab\u76f4\u63a5\u6295\u5165\u6b27\u76df<a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/clima\/eu-action\/funding-climate-action\/innovation-fund_en\">\u521b\u65b0\u57fa\u91d1<\/a>\u3002\u8bbe\u7acb\u8be5\u57fa\u91d1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u652f\u6301\u5b9e\u73b0\u78b3\u4e2d\u548c\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u521b\u65b0\u201d\u3002\u6839\u636eUMAS\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u52fe\u52d2\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u60c5\u5883\uff0c\u572856\u7f8e\u5143\/\u5428\u7684\u78b3\u4ef7\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0a\uff0c2030\u5e74\u6b27\u76dfETS\u80fd\u591f\u52df\u96c650\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u3002\u8096\u535a\u58eb\u79f0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u52302030\u5e74\u78b3\u4ef7\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u9ad8\u5230116\u7f8e\u5143\/\u5428\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u822a\u8fd0\u4e1a\u80fd\u591f\u7ed9ETS\u5e26\u676590\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u603b\u6536\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u56fd\u9645\u822a\u8fd0\u516c\u4f1a\uff08International Chamber of Shipping\uff09<a 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