{"id":92123,"date":"2022-11-17T02:22:32","date_gmt":"2022-11-17T02:22:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinadialogue.net\/?p=92123"},"modified":"2022-12-06T09:20:07","modified_gmt":"2022-12-06T09:20:07","slug":"92123","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/3\/92123\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u7684\u672a\u6765\u793e\u4f1a\u6210\u672c\u4e09\u500d\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u5047\u8bbe"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u6709\u53e5\u8bdd\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8861\u91cf\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u8861\u91cf\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u6392\u653e\u5bf9\u4e8e\u660e\u5929\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u5c06\u4ea7\u751f\u600e\u6837\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u6781\u5176\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ea\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u7c97\u7565\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u603b\u90e8\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u76db\u987f\u7684\u667a\u5e93\u672a\u6765\u8d44\u6e90\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff08Resources for the Future\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0RFF\uff09\u7275\u5934\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u56e2\u961f\u8fd1\u65e5\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u4e3a\u671f\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u4e86\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-022-05224-9\">\u81ea\u7136<\/a>\u300b\uff08Nature\uff09\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u66f4\u65b0\u4e86\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u793e\u4f1a\u6210\u672c\uff08social cost of carbon\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0SCC\uff09\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u91cf\u5316\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u5e45\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bc1\u636e\u7684\u3001\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u753b\u9762\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u533a\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u653f\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-\">\u4f55\u4e3a\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u793e\u4f1a\u6210\u672c\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>SCC\u4f30\u7b97\u7684\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u5e74\u4efd\u6392\u653e\u4e00\u5428\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u957f\u671f\u635f\u5bb3\u7684\u7f8e\u5143\u6210\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6307\u6807\u65e8\u5728\u8861\u91cf\u51cf\u7f13\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u4e0e\u51cf\u6392\u7684\u6210\u672c\u5b70\u9ad8\u5b70\u4f4e\u3002\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u00b7\u683c\u6797\u65af\u901a\uff08Michael Greenstone\uff09\u4e8e2010\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u4f30\u7b97\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u6307\u6807\u3002\u4ed6<a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2016\/08\/17\/490387022\/federal-court-blocks-challenge-to-social-cost-of-carbon\">\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a<\/a>\u201c\u4f60\u4ece\u672a\u542c\u8bf4\u8fc7\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u672a\u6765\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u53d8\u5316\u2026\u2026\u7cae\u98df\u6536\u6210\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u2026\u2026\u6d77\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u5347\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u53ca\u5176\u9020\u6210\u7684\u635f\u5bb3\u6210\u672c\u90fd\u8574\u542b\u5176\u4e2d\u3002\u201d &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\uff0cSCC\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u7ed9\u672a\u6765\u9020\u6210\u635f\u5bb3\u800c\u5f53\u4e0b\u613f\u610f\u652f\u4ed8\u7684\u6210\u672c\u3002\u8be5\u6307\u6807\u7528\u901a\u4fd7\u6613\u61c2\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u628a\u6392\u653e\u9020\u6210\u7684\u635f\u5bb3\u91cf\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4eba\u4eec\u5c31\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u8fdb\u884c\u8fa9\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u5c06SCC\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6210\u672c-\u6536\u76ca\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ea4\u901a\u3001\u80fd\u6e90\u7b49\u82e5\u5e72\u516c\u5171\u9886\u57df\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u3002\u6bcf\u5f53\u63d0\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u76d1\u7ba1\u89c4\u5b9a\u6216\u8005\u6295\u8d44\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u5f80\u5f80\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6210\u672c-\u6536\u76ca\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5176\u73af\u5883\u6536\u76ca\u8d85\u51fa\u8d22\u52a1\u635f\u5931\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u673a\u6784\u9700\u8981\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u80fd\u6548\u89c4\u5219\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u76d1\u7ba1\u8d1f\u62c5\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u51cf\u5c11\u6c61\u67d3\u800c\u503c\u5f97\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-pull-quote block--pull-quote block--pull-quote--no-citation\"><div class=\"block--pull-quote__wrapper\"><blockquote class=\"block--pull-quote__quote\">\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684SCC\u5219\u610f\u5473\u7740\u964d\u4f4e\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u90a3\u4e9b\u6210\u672c\u5f88\u9ad8\u6216\u8005\u5177\u6709\u98a0\u8986\u6027\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u653f\u7b56\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3002<\/blockquote><cite class=\"block--pull-quote__cite\"><\/cite><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u76ee\u524d\u5c06SCC\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u5b9a\u4e3a\u6bcf\u5428\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b351\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6570\u5b57\u5728\u653f\u7b56\u5236\u5b9a\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679cSCC\u8fc7\u4f4e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u65b0\u89c4\u6240\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6548\u679c\u5c31\u62b5\u4e0d\u4e0a\u5236\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u6240\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u6210\u672c\u3002\u4f46\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684SCC\u5219\u610f\u5473\u7740\u964d\u4f4e\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u90a3\u4e9b\u6210\u672c\u5f88\u9ad8\u6216\u8005\u5177\u6709\u98a0\u8986\u6027\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u653f\u7b56\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u653f\u7b56\u5408\u7406\u4e0e\u5426\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8eSCC\u662f\u5426\u9ad8\u4e8e\u51cf\u6392\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u76ee\u524d\u7684SCC\u5b9a\u4ef7\u8fc7\u4f4e\u3002\u6309\u7167\u7f8e\u56fd<a href=\"https:\/\/www.edf.org\/true-cost-carbon-pollution\">\u73af\u4fdd\u534f\u4f1a<\/a>\uff08Environmental Defense Fund\uff09\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u201c\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u5c1a\u672a\u5145\u5206\u6db5\u76d6\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u6240\u6709\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8ba4\u53ef\u5e76\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4e13\u5bb6\u4e00\u81f4\u8ba4\u4e3a\u76ee\u524dSCC\u5b9a\u4ef7\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u771f\u5b9e\u6210\u672c\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h--1\">\u5982\u4f55\u8ba1\u7b97\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u793e\u4f1a\u6210\u672c\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6309\u7167<a href=\"https:\/\/www.carbonbrief.org\/qa-social-cost-carbon\/\">\u78b3\u7b80\u62a5<\/a>\u7f51\u7ad9\uff08Carbon Brief\uff09\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97SCC\u7684\u201c\u6574\u5408\u8bc4\u4f30\u6a21\u578b\u201d\uff08integrated assessment model\uff09\u5305\u542b\u56db\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. \u793e\u4f1a-\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9884\u6d4b\uff1a\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u52302150\u5e74\u65f6\u8fd8\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4eba\u6d3b\u5728\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\uff1f\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u6392\u653e\u591a\u5c11\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. \u201c\u6c14\u5019\u6a21\u5757\u201d\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6392\u653e\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u6c14\u5019\uff1f\u6d77\u5e73\u9762\u548c\u6c14\u6e29\u4e0a\u5347\u901f\u5ea6\u5982\u4f55\uff1f\u964d\u6c34\u548c\u6781\u7aef\u5929\u6c14\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5982\u4f55\uff1f<strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. \u6210\u672c\u548c\u6536\u76ca\uff1a\u7cae\u98df\u6536\u6210\u5c06\u53d7\u5230\u4f55\u79cd\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f\u4e0e\u4e3b\u52a8\u9002\u5e94\u6d77\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u5347\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u88ab\u52a8\u63a5\u53d7\u6d77\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u5347\u7684\u6210\u672c\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\uff1f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e29\u5ea6\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u751f\u4ea7\u7387\u5c06\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u53d8\u5316\uff1f\u53d6\u6696\u548c\u964d\u6e29\u7684\u80fd\u6e90\u6210\u672c\u5c06\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\uff1f\u8bf8\u5982\u7269\u79cd\u4e27\u5931\u7b49\u201c\u975e\u5e02\u573a\u201d\u5f71\u54cd\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u4f30\u4ef7\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<a class=\"wp-block-cd-related-news alignright block--related-news loading\" data-post-id=\"91530\"><div class=\"block--related-news__image\"><\/div><div class=\"block--related-news__content\"><span class=\"block--related-news__heading\">\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><span class=\"block--related-news__title\"><\/span><\/div><\/a>\n\n\n\n<p>4. \u6298\u73b0\u7387\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8bd5\u56fe\u7528\u5f53\u4eca\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\u8861\u91cf\u672a\u6765\u7684\u6210\u672c\u548c\u6536\u76ca\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6298\u73b0\u7387\u5c06\u5e26\u6765\u663e\u8457\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u6700\u5177\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u3002\u867d\u7136\u907f\u514d\u6392\u653e\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u773c\u4e0b\u7684\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u51cf\u6392\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5c06\u6ce2\u53ca\u672a\u6765\u6570\u767e\u5e74\u3002\u6b63\u5982<a href=\"https:\/\/www.carbonbrief.org\/qa-social-cost-carbon\/\">\u78b3\u7b80\u62a5<\/a>\u6240\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6298\u73b0\u7387\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5bf9\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u793e\u4f1a\u6210\u672c\u6709\u7740\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684SCC\u5982\u679c\u6309\u71675%\u6298\u73b0\u7387\u8ba1\u7b97\u662f10\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6309\u71672.5%\u8ba1\u7b97\u5219\u662f50\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u667a\u5e93\u4f20\u7edf\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\uff08Heritage Foundation\uff09\u547c\u5401\u5c06\u6298\u73b0\u7387\u63d0\u9ad8\u52307%\uff0c\u5e76\u79f0\u6b64\u4e3e\u53ef\u4ee5\u628aSCC\u964d\u4f4e80%\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u3002\u6c14\u6e29\u6bcf\u4e0a\u5347\u4e00\u5ea6\uff0c\u5176\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6210\u672c\u90fd\u5c06\u9ad8\u4e8e\u524d\u4e00\u6b21\uff1b\u6c14\u6e29\u4ece1.5\u6444\u6c0f\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5347\u52302\u6444\u6c0f\u5ea6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6bd4\u4ece0.5\u6444\u6c0f\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5347\u52301\u6444\u6c0f\u5ea6\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3001\u6240\u9700\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u8303\u56f4\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740SCC\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5bb9\u6613\u9677\u5165\u653f\u6cbb\u50f5\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h--2\">\u786e\u7acb\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u6210\u672c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e2d\uff0cRFF\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4ece\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u89d2\u5ea6\u5bf9\u7528\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97SCC\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8981\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63a8\u52a8\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u7684SCC\u5e94\u8be5\u6bd4\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u76ee\u524d\u8bbe\u5b9a\u768451\u7f8e\u5143\u9ad83.6\u500d\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u6bcf\u5428\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3185\u7f8e\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>RFF\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u3001\u8bba\u6587\u5408\u8457\u8005\u51ef\u6587\u00b7\u96f7\u8bb7\u7279\uff08Kevin Rennert\uff09\u5411\u4e2d\u5916\u5bf9\u8bdd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5e94\u8be5\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u9ad8\u78b3\u6210\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" 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class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h--3\">\u4e89\u8bae\u66f4\u751a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fdb\u5c55\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7ed9\u7f8e\u56fd\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u653f\u7b56\u5e26\u6765\u5341\u5206\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u81f3\u4e8e\u5b83\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u505a\u51fa\u5224\u65ad\u8fd8\u4e3a\u65f6\u5c1a\u65e9\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u73b0\u4e3a\u76f8\u5173\u9886\u57df\u2014\u2014\u6bd4\u5982\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u548c\u7535\u5382\u6392\u653e\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u91c7\u8d2d\u51b3\u7b56\u4ee5\u53ca\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u8bc4\u4f30\u2014\u2014\u91c7\u53d6\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u76d1\u7ba1\u884c\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b66\u672f\u7406\u8bba\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-pullout-stat alignleft undefined block--pullout-stat\"><p class=\"block--pullout-stat__title\">200\u7f8e\u5143\/\u5428<\/p><div 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