As China looks to revise long-standing laws governing fisheries, the aim is to emphasise green development and sustainability of aquaculture and wild-harvesting.
The country is a huge player in global fisheries but has seen its capture fisheries falter as fish stocks dwindle in recent years (see: China’s changing fisheries, in numbers).
Its current Fisheries Law was enacted in 1986 and focuses on the protection and development of fisheries resources while promoting aquaculture and safeguarding the rights of fisheries producers, according to Xinhua. Nearly 30 years later, a revised draft version unveiled in December shifts attention to sustainable fisheries development.
Across 7 chapters and 88 articles revising multiple aspects of the existing law, the draft encourages more ecologically friendly aquaculture, including using techniques such as recirculating systems that reduce wastewater discharge and its environmental impact. If approved, the changes would impose stricter control over marine areas used for aquaculture, prohibiting large-scale projects in areas designated as key ecological zones.
The revisions also suggest improving the management of wild fisheries with “scientifically determined annual fishing quotas” based on resource assessments and a monitoring system to enable precise conservation measures. Fishing vessels would have to comply with designated operating zones, and stricter regulations on closed areas and seasons would be enforced. The draft also encourages diversification of fisheries-related activities, such as shifting to recreational fishing, and processing to produce higher value products.
The revisions also include gradual reductions in fishing intensity, in line with longstanding plans from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs to reduce the number and capacity of fishing vessels.
In a completely new chapter, the draft outlines responsibilities for law enforcement agencies, increases penalties for illegal fishing, and mandates ecological restoration for construction projects that damage fisheries resources. Severe violations of the law, such as fishing with prohibited gear or in banned areas, will result in higher fines than are currently levied, confiscation of tools, or even criminal charges.